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Some research studies have shown that, because of this immune depression, blood transfusions increase the risk of infections and cancer recurrence. However, other studies have not shown these differences and the degree of impact transfusion has on infection and tumor recurrence is not well understood. [2]
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The risk of severe bacterial infection is estimated, as of 2020, at about 1 in 2,500 platelet transfusions, and 1 in 2,000,000 red blood cell transfusions. [44] Blood product contamination, while rare, is still more common than actual infection.
SHOT was established in 1996. [5] During the first ten years, it collected more than 2,000 confidential reports about transfusion safety problems or near misses. [5] During the first two years of voluntary reports, about half of these errors involved giving the wrong type of blood or blood component to a patient. [6]
Minton often needed to undergo blood transfusions, too. With frequent transfusions, having fluid drained and feeling generally unwell, it was tough for to manage her health and still work.
Unlike other blood products demand for platelet transfusions appears to be increasing in several countries around the world. [27] An ageing population, an increase in the number of people with blood cancer, and changes to the management of these cancers are likely the major reasons for the rise in demand for platelets. [27]
Supportive care may include blood transfusions, medications to increase the making of red blood cells, and antibiotics. [3] Drug therapy may include the medications lenalidomide, antithymocyte globulin, and azacitidine. [3] Some people can be cured by chemotherapy followed by a stem-cell transplant from a donor. [3]
Frequent blood transfusions may be given to many patients, such as those with thalassemia, sickle cell disease, leukemia, aplastic anemia, or myelodysplastic syndrome, among others. It is diagnosed with a blood transferrin test and a liver biopsy. It is treated with venipuncture, erythrocytapheresis, and iron chelation therapy.