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The posterior border is broad and presents the shallow malleolar sulcus, for the passage of the tendons of the peronæi longus and brevis. The summit is rounded and gives attachment to the calcaneofibular ligament. A major structure that is located between the lateral malleolus and the Achilles tendon is the sural nerve.
The tibial malleolar sulcus, also known as the malleolar groove, is the smooth, vertical depression found on the posterior aspect of the medial malleolus. [1] [2] [3] This groove is traversed by the tendons of the tibialis posterior and flexor digitorum longus muscles. [1] [4] There are two malleolar sulci, medial and lateral. [2]
The posterior ligament of the lateral malleolus (posterior tibiofibular ligament, posterior inferior ligament) is smaller than the anterior ligament of the lateral malleolus and is disposed in a similar manner on the posterior surface of the syndesmosis. It connects the tibia and fibular on the inferior part of both bones.
The tibialis posterior muscle originates on the inner posterior border of the fibula laterally. [2] It is also attached to the interosseous membrane medially, which attaches to the tibia and fibula. [2] The tendon of the tibialis posterior muscle (sometimes called the posterior tibial tendon) descends posterior to the medial malleolus. [2]
The flexor retinaculum of foot extends from the medial malleolus to the medical process of the calcaneus, and the following structures in order from medial to lateral: the tendon of the tibialis posterior muscle, the tendon of the flexor digitorum longus muscle, the posterior tibial artery and vein, the tibial nerve, and the tendon of the ...
On the lateral (outer) side of the ankle a sheath which is single for the greater part of its extent encloses the Peronæi longus and brevis. It extends upward for about 4 cm. above the tip of the malleolus and downward and forward for about the same distance.
The tibial nerve, posterior tibial artery, posterior tibial vein, and flexor tendons travel in a bundle along this pathway through the tarsal tunnel, in the following order from anteromedial to posterolateral: Tibialis posterior tendon. [2] Flexor digitorum longus tendon. [2] Posterior tibial artery. [2] Posterior tibial vein. [1] Tibial nerve. [2]
The anterior talofibular ligament attaches the anterior margin of the lateral malleolus to the adjacent region of the talus bone. The most common ligament involved in ankle sprain is the anterior talofibular ligament. posterior talofibular ligament; The posterior talofibular ligament runs horizontally between the neck of the talus and the ...