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Developmental coordination disorder (DCD), also known as developmental motor coordination disorder, developmental dyspraxia, or simply dyspraxia (from Ancient Greek praxis 'activity'), is a neurodevelopmental disorder [1] characterized by impaired coordination of physical movements as a result of brain messages not being accurately transmitted to the body.
The tenth revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) has four categories of developmental disorders: specific developmental disorders of speech and language, specific developmental disorders of scholastic skills, specific developmental disorder of motor function, and mixed specific developmental disorder.
The concept of DAMP (deficits in attention, motor control, and perception) has been in clinical use in Scandinavia for about 20 years. DAMP is diagnosed on the basis of concomitant attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and developmental coordination disorder in children who do not have a severe learning disability or cerebral palsy.
Difficulties with motor abilities can cause problems with gross and fine motor skills. People with gross motor difficulties may be clumsy, that is, they may be prone to stumbling, falling, or bumping into things. They may also have trouble running, climbing, or learning to ride a bicycle. People with fine motor difficulties may have trouble ...
[46] [non-primary source needed] [165] Motor impairments cause more problems than sensory impairments. [46] The most common impairment is that of finger dexterity, which is the ability to manipulate small objects with the fingers. [46] Compared to other disabilities, people with cerebral palsy generally need more help in performing daily tasks ...
The first signs of SYNGAP1-related encephalopathy are typically gross motor delays in infancy followed by developmental delays, seizure onset and language impairment. [6] Penetrance is 100%. Mild to severe intellectual or developmental disability is present in the majority of patients. [7]
The symptoms of CDD include early infantile onset refractory epilepsy; hypotonia; developmental, intellectual, and motor disabilities, with little or no speech; and cortical visual impairment. [1] Patients usually present first with seizures within the first months of life, followed by infantile spasms which progress to epileptic seizures that ...
Interventions may include special education, psychiatric treatment, standard epilepsy treatment, audiology assessment, physical and occupational therapy for gross/fine motor skills, and regular monitoring of congenital anomalies or defects. Due to increased risk of obesity associated with the syndrome, psychiatric medications associated with ...