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The Calanais Stones (or "Calanais I": Scottish Gaelic: Clachan Chalanais or Tursachan Chalanais) are an arrangement of standing stones placed in a cruciform pattern with a central stone circle, located on the Isle of Lewis, Scotland.
The stone circle consists of seven thin standing stones arranged in the shape of an ellipse measuring 21.6 by 18.9 metres. [2] Five of the stones are standing and two have fallen. [1] The stones vary from 2 to 3.3 metres in height. [1] A slab, 1.4 metres long, lies in front of the western stone, pointing towards the centre of the circle. [1]
The stone is sited in the village of Ballantrushal on the west side of Lewis. Local legend says that it marks the site of a great battle, the last to be fought between the feuding clans of the Macaulays and Morrisons. [2] However it is actually the solitary upright stone remaining from a stone circle built about 5,000 years ago.
Calanais (English: Callanish) is a village (township) on the west side of the Isle of Lewis, in the Outer Hebrides (Western Isles), Scotland. Calanais is within the parish of Uig. [1] A linear settlement with a jetty, it is on a headland jutting into Loch Roag, a sea loch 13 miles (21 kilometres) west of Stornoway.
However, it has been found that the earliest standing stone monuments in the British Isles, the great circles such as Callanish on the Isle of Lewis and Stenness on the Isle of Orkney, were specifically constructed to align with the sun and moon, and the movements of the sun and moon across the local landscape. [33]
Callanish X (or "Na Dromannan", "Druim Nan Eun") is the collapsed remains of a stone circle. It one of many megalithic structures around the more well-known and larger Calanais I on the west coast of the isle of Lewis, in the Western Isles of the Outer Hebrides, Scotland. The fallen stones lie on the summit of the rocky ridge, Druim nan Eun.
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Others were constructed from boulders placed stably on the ground rather than standing stones held erect by a foundation trench. Recent research shows that the two oldest stone circles in Britain (Stenness on Orkney and Callanish on the Isle of Lewis) were constructed to align with solar and lunar positions. [6] [7]
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