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The methodology used in Timelapse of the Entire Universe. In 2012, a short, one-and-a-half-minute film by Boswell, Our Story in 1 Minute, is published. It is a shorter version of Timelapse of the Entire Universe, specifically in one minute and 29 seconds, and used closed captions to evoke reflection on humanity. It also used imageries from this ...
Vesta (radius 262.7 ± 0.1 km), the second-largest asteroid, appears to have a differentiated interior and therefore likely was once a dwarf planet, but it is no longer very round today. [74] Pallas (radius 255.5 ± 2 km ), the third-largest asteroid, appears never to have completed differentiation and likewise has an irregular shape.
The classical version of the Big Bang cosmological model of the universe contains a causal singularity at the start of time (t=0), where all time-like geodesics have no extensions into the past. Extrapolating backward to this hypothetical time 0 results in a universe with all spatial dimensions of size zero, infinite density, infinite ...
A star is a massive luminous spheroid astronomical object made of plasma that is held together by its own gravity.Stars exhibit great diversity in their properties (such as mass, volume, velocity, stage in stellar evolution, and distance from Earth) and some of the outliers are so disproportionate in comparison with the general population that they are considered extreme.
Today it is known that an infinite universe uniformly filled with gravitating matter, if it originated in a static configuration, would indeed collapse. This conclusion originally arose from the general theory of relativity , [ 3 ] but it is also predicted by Newtonian gravity with the use of mathematical tools that were not available to Newton.
Highest Lowest Highest Lowest Highest Lowest Sun: N/A 5,000,000 K In a solar flare [33] 1240 K In a sunspot [34] Mercury: 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) Caloris Montes, northwest Caloris Basin rim mountains [35] [36] 723 K Dayside of Mercury [37] 89 K Permanently shaded polar craters [38] Venus: 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) Maxwell Montes, Ishtar Terra [39 ...
A number of other tests have probed the validity of various versions of the equivalence principle; strictly speaking, all measurements of gravitational time dilation are tests of the weak version of that principle, not of general relativity itself. So far, general relativity has passed all observational tests. [32]
The basic idea is to express the spacetime metric in terms of a lapse function that represents the time evolution between hypersurfaces, and a shift vector that represents spatial coordinate changes between these hypersurfaces) along with a 3D spatial metric. Mathematically, this separation is written as: