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Anorectal abscess (also known as an anal/rectal abscess or perianal/perirectal abscess) is an abscess adjacent to the anus. [1] Most cases of perianal abscesses are sporadic, though there are certain situations which elevate the risk for developing the disease, such as diabetes mellitus, Crohn's disease, chronic corticosteroid treatment and others.
The inflammation is sometimes limited to the formation of an anorectal abscess, and in some cases it spreads for a considerable distance and may be complicated by sepsis. The symptoms are acute pain in the rectal region, tenderness during defecation, elevated body temperature, and the appearance of an infiltrate in the anal region or on the ...
Perianal cellulitis, also known as perianitis or perianal streptococcal dermatitis, is a bacterial infection affecting the lower layers of the skin around the anus. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It presents as bright redness in the skin and can be accompanied by pain, difficulty defecating, itching, and bleeding.
Anal fistula is a chronic abnormal communication between the anal canal and the perianal skin. [1] An anal fistula can be described as a narrow tunnel with its internal opening in the anal canal and its external opening in the skin near the anus. [2] Anal fistulae commonly occur in people with a history of anal abscesses. They can form when ...
Lateral internal sphincterotomy is the preferred method of surgery for persons with chronic anal fissures, and is generally used when medical therapy has failed. [1] It is associated with a lower rate of side effects than older techniques such as posterior internal sphincterotomy and anoplasty, [3] and has also been shown to be superior to topical glyceryl trinitrate (GTN 0.2% ointment) in ...
This is a shortened version of the twelfth chapter of the ICD-9: Diseases of the Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue. It covers ICD codes 680 to 709 . The full chapter can be found on pages 379 to 393 of Volume 1, which contains all (sub)categories of the ICD-9.
The final structure of the abscess is an abscess wall, or capsule, that is formed by the adjacent healthy cells in an attempt to keep the pus from infecting neighboring structures. However, such encapsulation tends to prevent immune cells from attacking bacteria in the pus, or from reaching the causative organism or foreign object.
Treatment is with antibiotics and drainage of the abscess; typically guided by ultrasound or CT, through the skin, via the rectum, or transvaginal routes. [3] Occasionally antibiotics may be used without surgery; if the abscess is at a very stage and small. [2] Until sensitivities are received, a broad spectrum antibiotic is generally required. [2]