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Yaroslav II returns to Vladimir after Mongol destruction, miniature from the Kazan Chronicle The Mongol army captures a city, miniature from the Illustrated Chronicle of Ivan the Terrible In 1223, Mongols routed a near 50,000 army of Kievan Rus' at the Battle of the Kalka River , near modern-day Mariupol [ citation needed ] , before turning ...
The Mongols under Jani Beg besieged Caffa in 1343 and the Venetian territory of Tana, the cause of which was a brawl between Italians and Muslims in Tana. [7] The siege of Caffa lasted until February 1344, when it was lifted after an Italian relief force killed 15,000 Mongol troops and destroyed their siege machines.
Before the Mongol conquest, Russians of Novgorod and Vladimir repeatedly looted and attacked the area, thereby weakening the Bulgar state's economy and military power. [3] The latter ambushed the Mongols in the later 1223 or in 1224. [4] Several clashes occurred between 1229–1234, and the Mongol Empire conquered the Bulgars in 1236.
Some Mongol troops reaches the outskirts of Vienna and Udine. Death of Ögedei Khan; Retreat of Mongol-Tatar army. [citation needed] spring 1241 – early 1242: Mongol incursions in the Holy Roman Empire (including Austria and northeast Italy) 1241–1242: Mongol invasion of Croatia and Dalmatia [1] 1258–1259: Mongol invasions of Lithuania ...
The story involving the catapult has been disputed. It is originally based on Gabriel de Mussis of Piacenza in Italy, who wrote about the plague in 1348. It is more likely that rats carrying plague-infested fleas went from the Jani Beg's camp to the city and thereby infected the Genoese. [3] [4] Golden Horde coinage of Jani Beg (Jambek) II.
The Mongols (2nd ed. 2007) Rossabi, Morris. The Mongols: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford University Press, 2012) Saunders, J. J. The History of the Mongol Conquests (2001) excerpt and text search; Srodecki, Paul. Fighting the ‘Eastern Plague'. Anti-Mongol Crusade Ventures in the Thirteenth Century. In: The Expansion of the Faith.
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Europe around 1230, showing Mongol incursions in the east. The general view in western Europe, since at least 1236, was that the Mongols' ultimate goal was the Holy Roman Empire. This was based partially on intelligence, but mainly on prevailing interpretations of apocalyptic literature. [1]