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Overburden at a coal mining site. In mining, overburden (also called waste or spoil) is the material that lies above an area that lends itself to economical exploitation, such as the rock, soil, and ecosystem that lies above a coal seam or ore body.
Overburden pressure is a geology term that denotes the pressure caused by the weight of the overlying layers of material at a specific depth under the earth's surface. [1] Overburden pressure is also called lithostatic pressure , or vertical stress.
The overburden from MTR is either placed back on the ridge, attempting to reflect the approximate original contour of the mountain, [4] and/or is moved into neighboring valleys. [5] When excess rock and soil containing mining byproducts are disposed into nearby valleys, the valleys are called "holler fills" or "valley fills". [1] [3] [6]
Dr. Leana Wen, former Baltimore Health Commissioner, explains why she doesn’t think the U.S. has not gotten through the first wave of coronavirus and why she says a national testing strategy is ...
The Siilinjärvi carbonatite complex, [1] an open-pit mine owned by Yara International, in Siilinjärvi, Finland Coal strip mine in Wyoming. Surface mining, including strip mining, open-pit mining and mountaintop removal mining, is a broad category of mining in which soil and rock overlying the mineral deposit (the overburden) are removed, in contrast to underground mining, in which the ...
In surface mining, stripping ratio or strip ratio refers to the amount of waste (or overburden) that must be removed to release a given ore quantity. [1] [2] It is a number or ratio that express how much waste is mined per unit of ore. The units of a stripping ratio can vary between mine types.
Preconsolidation pressure is the maximum effective vertical overburden stress that a particular soil sample has sustained in the past. [1] This quantity is important in geotechnical engineering, particularly for finding the expected settlement of foundations and embankments.
The overburden conveyor bridge of Lichterfeld-Schacksdorf, now shut down, was used from 1991 until 1992 in the brown coal mine Klettwitz-Nord near Klettwitz. It is open for visitors today as a project of the Internationale Bauausstellung Fürst-Pückler-Land (International Mining Exhibition Fürst-Pückler-Land) and is an anchor of the European ...