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  2. List of Old Norse exonyms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Old_Norse_exonyms

    Many historians assume the terms beorm and bjarm to derive from the Uralic word perm, which refers to "travelling merchants" and represents the Old Permic culture. [4] Bjarneyjar "Bear islands". Possibly Disko Island off Greenland. [5] blakumen or blökumenn Romanians or Cumans. Blokumannaland may be the lands south of the Lower Danube. Bót

  3. List of kennings - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_kennings

    As Beowulf is in fierce combat with Grendel's mother, he makes mention of shedding much battle-sweat. N: Beowulf: blood wound-sea svarraði sárgymir: N: Eyvindr Skillir, Hákonarmál 7. chieftain or king breaker of rings Alludes to a ruler breaking the golden rings upon his arm and using them to reward his followers. OE: Beowulf: death sleep ...

  4. List of English words of Old Norse origin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_English_words_of...

    Words of Old Norse origin have entered the English language, primarily from the contact between Old Norse and Old English during colonisation of eastern and northern England between the mid 9th to the 11th centuries (see also Danelaw). Many of these words are part of English core vocabulary, such as egg or knife. There are hundreds of such ...

  5. Sif - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sif

    The name Sif is the singular form of the plural Old Norse word sifjar. Sifjar only appears in singular form when referring to the goddess as a proper noun. Sifjar is cognate to the Old English sibb and modern English sib (meaning "affinity, connection, by marriage") and in other Germanic languages: Gothic šƒšŒ¹šŒ±šŒ¾šŒ° (sibja), Old High German sippa, and modern German Sippe.

  6. Jörð - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jörð

    Moder Jord (Mother Earth) by Stephan Sinding. Jörð (Old Norse: JĒ«rð, lit. 'earth') is the personification of earth and a goddess in Norse mythology.She is the mother of the thunder god Thor and a sexual partner of Odin. [1]

  7. Estrid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrid

    Estrid (Old Norse: Æstriðr, Ástríðr) was a rich and powerful 11th-century Swedish woman whose long family saga has been recorded on five or six runestones in Uppland, Sweden. This Estrid was the maternal grandmother of the chieftain Jarlabanke of the Jarlabanke clan. The family were rich landowners and belonged to the higher echelons of ...

  8. Old Norse orthography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Norse_orthography

    One such difference is the insertion of u before r, when it is preceded by a consonant at the end of the word. Thus the Old Norse name Baldr comes out as Baldur in modern Icelandic. Other differences include vowel-shifts, whereby Old Norse Ē« became Icelandic ö, and Old Norse œ (oe ligature) became Icelandic æ (ae ligature).

  9. Halfdan the Black - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halfdan_the_Black

    No contemporary sources mention Halfdan, and the details of his life that are provided by later kings' sagas are considered semi-legendary by modern historians. Although he has his own saga in Heimskringla, it lacks any skaldic verse, which is normally used by Snorri as supporting evidence and this, combined with its rather legendary character, leads historians to be wary of seeing much ...