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  2. Univocity of being - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Univocity_of_being

    In medieval disputes over the nature of God, many theologians and philosophers (such as Thomas Aquinas) held that when one says that "God is good" and that "man is good", man's goodness is only analogous to, i.e. similar to but distinct from, God's goodness.

  3. List of philosophical problems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_philosophical_problems

    It questions how one can determine if a justification is sound without relying on further justification, potentially leading to an infinite regress. This issue has been a subject of significant debate in epistemology. One perspective, often associated with skepticism, concludes that true knowledge might be impossible due to this infinite ...

  4. Pascal's wager - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal's_wager

    In a 2014 article, philosopher Justin McBrayer argued we ought to remain agnostic about the existence of God but nonetheless believe because of the good that comes in the present life from believing in God. "The gist of the renewed wager is that theists do better than non-theists regardless of whether or not God exists." [55]

  5. History of philosophical pessimism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_philosophical...

    Human life would be vastly better if pain were fleeting and pleasure protracted; if the pleasures were much better than the pains were bad; if it were really difficult to be injured or get sick; if recovery were swift when injury or illness did befall us; and if our desires were fulfilled instantly and if they did not give way to new desires.

  6. Existential nihilism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Existential_nihilism

    Zapffe also applied the anchoring principle to society and stated that "God, the Church, the State, morality, fate, the laws of life, the people, the future" are all examples of collective primary anchoring firmaments. Distraction is when "one limits attention to the critical bounds by constantly enthralling it with impressions". Distraction ...

  7. Philosophical theism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophical_theism

    In his philosophy there are three principles: the One, the Intellect, and the Soul. Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) was an Italian polymath and is widely considered one of the greatest painters of all time. According to biographer Diane Apostolos-Cappadona, "He found proof for the existence and omnipotence of God in nature—light, color ...

  8. Ignatian spirituality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignatian_spirituality

    It focuses on one's consciousness of God, not necessarily one's conscience regarding sins and mistakes. [9] [14] Discernment: Discernment is rooted in the understanding that God is ever at work in one's life, "inviting, directing, guiding, and drawing" one "into the fullness of life." Its central action is reflection on the ordinary events of ...

  9. Irenaean theodicy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irenaean_theodicy

    Schleiermacher conceived a perfect world to be one in which God's purposes can naturally be achieved, and will ultimately lead to dependence on God. He conceived sin as being an obstruction to humanity's dependence on God, arguing that it is almost inevitable, but citing Jesus as an example of a sinless man, whose consciousness of God was ...