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Vitamin B 12, also known as cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin involved in metabolism. [2] It is one of eight B vitamins.It is required by animals, which use it as a cofactor in DNA synthesis, and in both fatty acid and amino acid metabolism. [3]
14603 Ensembl ENSG00000134812 ENSMUSG00000024682 UniProt P27352 P52787 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_005142 NM_008118 RefSeq (protein) NP_005133 NP_032144 Location (UCSC) Chr 11: 59.83 – 59.85 Mb Chr 19: 11.72 – 11.74 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Intrinsic factor (IF), cobalamin binding intrinsic factor, also known as gastric intrinsic factor (GIF), is a glycoprotein ...
This reaction requires cobalamin as a cofactor. The creation of 5-methyl tetrahydrofolate is an irreversible reaction. If B 12 is absent, the forward reaction of homocysteine to methionine does not occur, homocysteine concentrations increase, and the replenishment of tetrahydrofolate stops. [ 138 ]
The Schilling test has multiple stages. [3] As noted below, it can be done at any time after vitamin B 12 supplementation and body store replacement, and some clinicians recommend that in severe deficiency cases, at least several weeks of vitamin repletion be done before the test (more than one B 12 shot, and also oral folic acid), in order to ensure that impaired absorption of B 12 (with or ...
What are the best food sources of B12? The most surefire way to get sufficient B12 from food is by eating animal-based products including, meat, poultry, seafood, eggs, and dairy. “Many animal ...
As you age, you produce less hydrochloric acid and will need to get most of your vitamin B12 from supplements or fortified foods, as this form doesn’t require this extra step for absorption ...
Hydroxocobalamin has a higher affinity to the TC II transport protein than cyanocobalamin, or adenosylcobalamin. From a biochemical point of view, two essential enzymatic reactions require vitamin B 12 (cobalamin). [21] [22] Intracellular vitamin B 12 is maintained in two active coenzymes, methylcobalamin and adenosylcobalamin.
The absorption of B 12 into the body requires adequate amounts of intrinsic factor, the glycoprotein produced in the parietal cells of the stomach lining. A functioning small intestine is also necessary for the proper metabolism of the vitamin, as absorption occurs within the ileum. [148]
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