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  2. Chirality (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirality_(mathematics)

    An object that is not chiral is said to be achiral. A chiral object and its mirror image are said to be enantiomorphs. The word chirality is derived from the Greek χείρ (cheir), the hand, the most familiar chiral object; the word enantiomorph stems from the Greek ἐναντίος (enantios) 'opposite' + μορφή (morphe) 'form'.

  3. Chiral knot - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiral_knot

    The simplest chiral knot is the trefoil knot, which was shown to be chiral by Max Dehn. All nontrivial torus knots are chiral. The Alexander polynomial cannot distinguish a knot from its mirror image, but the Jones polynomial can in some cases; if V k ( q ) ≠ V k ( q −1 ), then the knot is chiral, however the converse is not true.

  4. Chirality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirality

    Instead, both effects can also occur when the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave together with the structure of an (achiral) material form a chiral experimental arrangement. [10] [11] This case, where the mutual arrangement of achiral components forms a chiral (experimental) arrangement, is known as extrinsic chirality. [12] [13]

  5. Chirality (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirality_(chemistry)

    An achiral molecule having chiral conformations could theoretically form a mixture of right-handed and left-handed crystals, as often happens with racemic mixtures of chiral molecules (see Chiral resolution#Spontaneous resolution and related specialized techniques), or as when achiral liquid silicon dioxide is cooled to the point of becoming ...

  6. Point groups in three dimensions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point_groups_in_three...

    The conjugacy definition would also allow a mirror image of the structure, but this is not needed, the structure itself is achiral. For example, if a symmetry group contains a 3-fold axis of rotation, it contains rotations in two opposite directions. (The structure is chiral for 11 pairs of space groups with a screw axis.)

  7. Chirality (physics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirality_(physics)

    A chiral phenomenon is one that is not identical to its mirror image (see the article on mathematical chirality).The spin of a particle may be used to define a handedness, or helicity, for that particle, which, in the case of a massless particle, is the same as chirality.

  8. Absolute configuration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_configuration

    One example is the chiral amino acid alanine, which has two optical isomers, and they are labeled according to which isomer of glyceraldehyde they come from. On the other hand, glycine , the amino acid derived from glyceraldehyde, has no optical activity, as it is not chiral (it's achiral).

  9. Chiral media - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiral_media

    Any planar pattern that does not have a line of mirror symmetry is 2d-chiral, and examples include flat spirals and letters such as S, G, P. In contrast to 3d-chiral objects, the perceived sense of twist of 2d-chiral patterns is reversed for opposite directions of observation.