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The first human cases of COVID-19 occurred in Wuhan, People's Republic of China, on or about 17 November 2019. [2] The first confirmed human case in the United States was on 19 January 2020. The World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on 30 January 2020, and first ...
All RMPs for COVID‑19 vaccines will be published on the EMA's website. [136] The EMA published guidance for developers of potential COVID‑19 vaccines on the clinical evidence to include in marketing authorization applications. [137] In November 2020, the CHMP started a rolling review of the Moderna vaccine for COVID‑19 known as mRNA-1273 ...
The World Health Organization (WHO) has promoted the COVID-19 Technology Access Pool to facilitate disclosures, but participation is voluntary and none of the vaccine manufacturers have joined. [70] Without access to the original vaccine manufacturer's know-how, reverse engineering the manufacturing process is difficult and expensive with no ...
How COVID‑19 vaccines work. The video shows the process of vaccination, from injection with RNA or viral vector vaccines, to uptake and translation, and on to immune system stimulation and effect. Part of a series on the COVID-19 pandemic Scientifically accurate atomic model of the external structure of SARS-CoV-2. Each "ball" is an atom. COVID-19 (disease) SARS-CoV-2 (virus) Cases Deaths ...
The COVID-19 vaccines are widely credited for their role in reducing the severity and death caused by COVID-19. [ 128 ] [ 129 ] As of March 2023, more than 5.5 billion people had received one or more doses [ 130 ] (11.8 billion in total) in over 197 countries.
The species was merged with Rat coronavirus (discovered in 1970 [23]) and Puffinosis coronavirus (discovered in 1982 [59]) as Murine coronavirus in 2009. [60] 229E and OC43 were collectively named Human respiratory virus but merged as Human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) in 2009. [61]
This article documents the chronology and epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in 2019, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 and is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. The first human cases of COVID-19 known to have been identified were in Wuhan , Hubei , China , in December 2019.
In 2020 and 2021, mRNA vaccines have been developed globally for use in combating the coronavirus disease (COVID-19 pandemic). [2] The Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine was the first mRNA vaccine approved by a medicines regulator , followed by the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine , and others.