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Go's foreach loop can be used to loop over an array, slice, string, map, or channel. Using the two-value form gets the index/key (first element) and the value (second element): for index , value := range someCollection { // Do something to index and value }
Python uses the following syntax to express list comprehensions over finite lists: S = [ 2 * x for x in range ( 100 ) if x ** 2 > 3 ] A generator expression may be used in Python versions >= 2.4 which gives lazy evaluation over its input, and can be used with generators to iterate over 'infinite' input such as the count generator function which ...
Specifically, the for loop will call a value's into_iter() method, which returns an iterator that in turn yields the elements to the loop. The for loop (or indeed, any method that consumes the iterator), proceeds until the next() method returns a None value (iterations yielding elements return a Some(T) value, where T is the element type).
The loop body is executed "for" the given values of the loop variable. This is more explicit in ALGOL versions of the for statement where a list of possible values and increments can be specified. In Fortran and PL/I, the keyword DO is used for the same thing and it is named a do-loop; this is different from a do while loop.
In object-oriented languages, string functions are often implemented as properties and methods of string objects. In functional and list-based languages a string is represented as a list (of character codes), therefore all list-manipulation procedures could be considered string functions.
Folds can be regarded as consistently replacing the structural components of a data structure with functions and values. Lists, for example, are built up in many functional languages from two primitives: any list is either an empty list, commonly called nil ([]), or is constructed by prefixing an element in front of another list, creating what is called a cons node ( Cons(X1,Cons(X2,Cons ...
Image credits: Detroit Photograph Company "There was a two-color process invented around 1913 by Kodak that used two glass plates in contact with each other, one being red-orange and the other ...
The principal benefit of a linked list over a conventional array is that the list elements can be easily inserted or removed without reallocation or reorganization of the entire structure because the data items do not need to be stored contiguously in memory or on disk, while restructuring an array at run-time is a much more expensive operation ...