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Anger can potentially mobilize psychological resources and boost determination toward correction of wrong behaviors, promotion of social justice, communication of negative sentiment, and redress of grievances. It can also facilitate patience. In contrast, anger can be destructive when it does not find its appropriate outlet in expression.
Intermittent explosive disorder (IED) or Episodic dyscontrol syndrome (EDS) is a mental and behavioral disorder characterized by explosive outbursts of anger and/or violence, often to the point of rage, that are disproportionate to the situation at hand (e.g., impulsive shouting, screaming or excessive reprimanding triggered by relatively inconsequential events).
A psychological sense of "hostile or destructive behavior" dates back to a 1912 English translation of Sigmund Freud's writing. [26] Alfred Adler theorized about an "aggressive drive" in 1908. Child raising experts began to refer to aggression, rather than anger, from the 1930s.
In conflicts, destructive behaviours can also appear: violence, coercion, intimidation, blackmailing, deception und seduction. [46] Negative emotions such as anger and fear make it difficult to work through the differences. [47] [1] Moreover, anger is often contagious, because a person who is met with anger reacts in turn more often angrily. [48]
"Cutting off one's nose to spite one's face" is an expression used to describe a needlessly self-destructive overreaction to a problem: "Don't cut off your nose to spite your face" is a warning against acting out of pique, or against pursuing revenge in a way that would damage oneself more than the object of one's anger.
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) is a mental disorder in children and adolescents characterized by a persistently irritable or angry mood and frequent temper outbursts that are disproportionate to the situation and significantly more severe than the typical reaction of same-aged peers.
In contrast, narcissistic personality disorder is an official, medical diagnosis that requires psychological evaluation to determine if the behavior is not only pervasive, but also "causes ...
In his last writings, it was the contrast of "two basic instincts, Eros and the destructive instinct... our two primal instincts, Eros and destructiveness", [46] on which he laid stress. Nevertheless, his belief in "the death instinct ... [as] a return to an earlier state ... into an inorganic state" [47] continued to the end.