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Historically, backtesting was only performed by large institutions and professional money managers due to the expense of obtaining and using detailed datasets. However, backtesting is increasingly used on a wider basis, and independent web-based backtesting platforms have emerged. Although the technique is widely used, it is prone to weaknesses ...
Hilbert matrix — example of a matrix which is extremely ill-conditioned (and thus difficult to handle) Wilkinson matrix — example of a symmetric tridiagonal matrix with pairs of nearly, but not exactly, equal eigenvalues; Convergent matrix — square matrix whose successive powers approach the zero matrix; Algorithms for matrix multiplication:
In the article, Backward Design (Childre, Sands, and Pope, 2009), examples of backward design are shown improving learning at both the elementary and high school levels. The research targets the depth of understanding for all learners. The fact that much research avoids the inclusion of special needs students is noted.
This article itemizes the various lists of statistics topics. Statistics. Outline of statistics; Outline of regression analysis; Index of statistics articles;
Statistical tests are used to test the fit between a hypothesis and the data. [1] [2] Choosing the right statistical test is not a trivial task. [1]The choice of the test depends on many properties of the research question.
Behavioral modeling-- Behavioral operations research-- Behnke–Stein theorem-- Behnke–Stein theorem on Stein manifolds-- Behrend function-- Behrend sequence-- Behrend's trace formula-- Behrens–Fisher distribution-- Behrens–Fisher problem-- Beilinson–Bernstein localization-- Beilinson conjectures-- Beilinson regulator-- Bekić's theorem ...
The binomial test is useful to test hypotheses about the probability of success: : = where is a user-defined value between 0 and 1.. If in a sample of size there are successes, while we expect , the formula of the binomial distribution gives the probability of finding this value:
The philosophy behind the RITE method is described as: "1) once you find a problem, solve it as soon as you can, and 2) make the decision makers part of the research team." [ 5 ] In this way it is a bridge between a strict research method and a design method...and in many ways it represents a participatory design method.