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Euphrasia, or eyebright, is a genus of about 215 species of herbaceous flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae (formerly included in the Scrophulariaceae), with a cosmopolitan distribution. They are hemiparasitic on grasses and other plants.
Euphrasia stricta, the drug eyebright, is an annual forb in the genus Euphrasia. [1]It has been introduced in northeastern North America, where it is found in New England (except Connecticut), New York, Pennsylvania, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Ontario, Quebec, the upper peninsula of Michigan, northern Wisconsin, Minnesota and Illinois. [2]
Euphrasia vigursii, also known by its common names of Vigur's eyebright [3] or Cornish eyebright, [4] is an endangered annual of the eyebright family which is endemic to Devon and Cornwall. [5] [6] [7] It is a facultative hemiparasite and needs open conditions and regular grazing of larger shrubs and grasses to grow.
Eyebright was used for eye infections, owing to the supposed resemblance of its flower to an eye. The doctrine of signatures , dating from the time of Dioscorides and Galen , states that herbs resembling various parts of the body can be used by herbalists to treat ailments of those body parts.
Euphrasia officinalis, also known as eyebright or eyewort, is a species of plant in the family Orobanchaceae. [ 2 ] Euphrasia officinalis herb has been used in the traditional Austrian medicine internally as tea, or externally as compresses, for treatment of disorders of the eyes and the gastrointestinal tract.
Euphrasia nemorosa, the common eyebright, is a hemiparasitic, annual species of flowering plant in the family Orobanchaceae. It is native to Europe and has been introduced to North America and New Zealand. [1] It is the commonest species of Euphrasia in Britain and Ireland. [2]
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Greek Euphrasia (delight, good cheer) referring to its common use as a herbal remedy from eye related ailments. Latin semi (half) and pictus (brightly marked, painted) refers to the bright purple lines extending from the throat of the flower, but indicating the lines are not seen as prominently as on other species.