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Alpha angle Measured in 45° Dunn view. Degree of bulging of the femoral head-neck junction: In normal conditions there is a symmetric concave contour at the junction of the femoral head and neck. Loss of this concavity or bone bulging may lead to cam type impingement. The degree of this deformity can be measured by the alpha angle.
This classification is based on measurements of the acetabular inclination angle (alpha), cartilage roof angle (beta), and infant age. The femoral head coverage can also be determined by dividing the length of the femoral head covered by the acetabular fossa and the diameter of the femoral head.
Impingement occurs when the femoral head rubs abnormally or lacks a full range of motion in the acetabular socket. [7] There are three different forms of FAI. The first form is caused by a cam-deformity where extra bone is present on the femoral head, which leads to the head being non-spherical.
The acetabular labrum is a fibrous structure, which surrounds the femoral head. It forms a seal to the hip joint, [ 15 ] although its true function is poorly understood. Recent evidence has demonstrated that this hydraulic seal is vital for maintaining stability of the ball and socket joint [ 16 ] and reducing contact pressures of the femur to ...
The percentage of the femoral head that lies outside of the acetabular roof. It is also called the femoral extrusion index. <25% Tönnis angle Slope of the sourcil (the sclerotic weight-bearing portion of the acetabulum) 0 to 10° >10° is a risk factor for instability <0° is a risk factor for pincer impingement; Caput-sourcil angle [12]
At the lower part of the acetabulum is the acetabular notch, which is continuous with a circular depression, the acetabular fossa, at the bottom of the cavity of the acetabulum. The rest of the acetabulum is formed by a curved, crescent-moon shaped surface, the lunate surface, where the joint is made with the head of the femur .
Protrusio acetabuli is an uncommon defect of the acetabulum, the socket that receives the femoral head to make the hip joint. The hip bone of the pelvic bone/girdle is composed of three bones, the ilium, the ischium and the pubis. In protrusio deformity, there is medial displacement of the femoral head in that the medial aspect of the femoral ...
Those with femoral nerve dysfunction may present problems of difficulties in movement and a loss of sensation. [medical citation needed] The patient, in terms of motor skills, may have problems such as quadriceps wasting, loss of knee extension and a lesser extent of hip flexion given the femoral nerve involvement of the iliacus and pectineus muscles. [3]