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Retroactive interference, also known as Retroactive inhibition, is the interference of newer memories with the retrieval of older memories. [1] In other words, subsequently learned memories directly contributes to the forgetting of previously learned memories.
Retroactive interference is the interference of newer memories with the retrieval of older memories. [16] The learning of new memories contributes to the forgetting of previously learned memories. For example, retroactive interference would happen as an individual learns a list of Italian vocabulary words, had previously learned Spanish.
Scientifically speaking, memory inhibition is a type of cognitive inhibition, which is the stopping or overriding of a mental process, in whole or in part, with or without intention. [1] Memory inhibition is a critical component of an effective memory system. [2] While some memories are retained for a lifetime, most memories are forgotten. [3]
The misinformation effect is an example of retroactive interference which occurs when information presented later interferes with the ability to retain previously encoded information. Individuals have also been shown to be susceptible to incorporating misleading information into their memory when it is presented within a question. [ 5 ]
The word inhibition, in the late Middle English meant a ‘forbidding, a prohibition.' [2] It originally came from the Latin verb inhibere,‘hinder,’ from habere or ‘to hold.’ [3] Backward inhibition is a description of the cognitive process that, at its base, means "to hold" something that happened previously in order to process a current event.
In nature, the interfering items are said to originate from an overstimulating environment. Interference theory exists in three branches: Proactive, Retroactive and Output. Retroactive and Proactive inhibition each referring in contrast to the other. Retroactive interference is when new information (memories) interferes with older information.
The tip-of-the-tongue experience is a classic example of blocking, which is a failure to retrieve information that is available in memory even though you are trying to produce it. [2] The information you are trying to remember has been encoded and stored, and a cue is available that would usually trigger its recollection. [ 2 ]
Retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF) is a memory phenomenon where remembering causes forgetting of other information in memory. The phenomenon was first demonstrated in 1994, although the concept of RIF has been previously discussed in the context of retrieval inhibition.