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At least five extinct genera, known only from fossils, are classified as osteoglossids; these date back at least as far as the Late Cretaceous.Other fossils from as far back as the Late Jurassic or Early Cretaceous are widely considered to belong to the arowana superorder Osteoglossomorpha.
The Asian arowana (Scleropages formosus) comprises several phenotypic varieties of freshwater fish distributed geographically across Southeast Asia. [3] While most consider the different varieties to belong to a single species, [4] [5] [6] [3] [7] work by Pouyaud et al. (2003) [8] differentiates these varieties into multiple species.
Heterotis niloticus - MHNT. The African arowana or Nile arowana (Heterotis niloticus) is a species of bonytongue.Despite being called an "arowana", the African arowana is more closely related to arapaimas, the only other members in the subfamily Arapaiminae, than the South American, Asian, and Australian arowanas in the subfamily Osteoglossinae (Arapaiminae is sometimes considered to be a ...
The silver arowana (Osteoglossum bicirrhosum) is a South American freshwater bony fish of the family Osteoglossidae.Silver arowanas are sometimes kept in aquariums, but they are predatory and require a very large tank.
Scleropages jardinii, the Gulf saratoga, Australian bonytongue, pearl arowana or northern saratoga, is a freshwater bony fish native to Australia and New Guinea, one of two species of fishes sometimes known as Australian arowana, the other being Scleropages leichardti.
Arwana merah (red Asian arowana) is designated as the Indonesian national animal of charm and also national fish. Native to rivers of Sumatra and Indonesian Borneo , Asian arowana is highly adapted to freshwater and usually inhabits blackwater rivers , forested swamps and wetlands .
The black arowana is native to tropical South America where restricted to the Rio Negro basin, including the Branco River. [3] [6] [7] Black arowanas were discovered in the 1970s in the Orinoco basins, but whether this is a natural population or the result of introductions by humans is disputed.
In Indonesia, this species was introduced as ornamental aquarium fish.This fish became a big problem in Lake Toba, threatening other species there.However, it was released to the wild and has become an invasive species, especially in the lakes of Java, Sulawesi and Papua.