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  2. Infant cognitive development - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infant_cognitive_development

    Hanus Papousek (1977) looked at the concept that learning at an early stage of development may not be beneficial to the infant if it creates overstimulation. In an experiment he conditioned infants to turn their heads to the sound of a buzzer. The training for the task began either at birth or at 31 or at 44 days.

  3. Positioning theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positioning_theory

    Positioning theory is a theory in social psychology that characterizes interactions between individuals. "Position" can be defined as an alterable collection of beliefs of an individual with regards to their rights, duties, and obligations. "Positioning" is the mechanism through which roles are assigned or denied, either to oneself or others.

  4. Internal working model of attachment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_working_model_of...

    Only in 1967, Neisser proposed a theory of mental representation based on schemas which later led to the development of schema theory. It was said that these scripts might be the base of the structure of internal working models. [5] The term internal working model, however, was coined quite early by Craik (1943).

  5. Developmentally appropriate practice - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmentally...

    DAP also holds that children have a natural disposition towards learning; hence, they are capable of constructing their own knowledge through exploration and interaction with others, learning materials, and their environment. [4] For these reasons, early childhood programs look and function differently. [3]

  6. Schema (psychology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schema_(psychology)

    In psychology and cognitive science, a schema (pl.: schemata or schemas) describes a pattern of thought or behavior that organizes categories of information and the relationships among them. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It can also be described as a mental structure of preconceived ideas, a framework representing some aspect of the world, or a system of ...

  7. Childhood development of fine motor skills - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childhood_development_of...

    The first symbols that are formed by children are the circle, the upright cross, the diagonal cross, the rectangle, and other common forms. When the child is 3 years old, they begin to form face shapes and by age 4, humans. At 4 to 5 years old, the child draws a human form with arms and legs, and eventually the child adds a trunk and clothes. [5]

  8. Behavior analysis of child development - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavior_analysis_of_child...

    The early years of a child's life are most critical to their development. [165] In understanding child behavior there are many different types ways to analyze it. [165] There is a multiple stage behavior model that it can be broken down into. [165]

  9. Zone of proximal development - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zone_of_proximal_development

    Another example of scaffolding is learning to drive. Parents and driving instructors guide driving students along the way by showing them the mechanics of how the car operates, the correct hand positions on the steering wheel, the technique of scanning the roadway, etc. As the student progresses, less and less instruction is needed, until they ...