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A league is a unit of length. It was common in Europe and Latin America, but is no longer an official unit in any nation. Derived from an ancient Celtic unit and adopted by the Romans as the leuga, the league became a common unit of measurement throughout western Europe. Since the Middle Ages, many values have been specified in several ...
Since the National League (NL) was founded in 1876, statistics in the most elite levels of professional baseball have been kept at some level, with efforts to standardize the stats and their compilation improving during the early 20th century. Such efforts have evolved in tandem with advances in available technology ever since.
In baseball statistics, slugging percentage (SLG) is a measure of the batting productivity of a hitter. It is calculated as total bases divided by at-bats , through the following formula, where AB is the number of at-bats for a given player, and 1B , 2B , 3B , and HR are the number of singles , doubles , triples , and home runs , respectively:
Bill James, who coined the term "sabermetrics". Sabermetrics (originally SABRmetrics) is the original or blanket term for sports analytics in the US, the empirical analysis of baseball, especially the development of advanced metrics based on baseball statistics that measure in-game activity.
Since then, sports analytics enthusiasts in basketball have created weighted statistics that measure each player and each team's on-court efficiency. Most basketball-specific advanced metrics feature a per-minute measurement to ensure that a player's incremental team contributions are measured irrespective of usage volume.
The league adjustment is a minor adjustment (usually 0-5 runs per season) added so each league's runs above average balances out to zero. [15] Finally, since all the previous run values are relative to league average, replacement runs are added to compare the player to a replacement level player. [15]
PER largely measures offensive performance. Hollinger freely admits that two of the defensive statistics it incorporates—blocks and steals (which was not tracked as an official stat until 1973)—can produce a distorted picture of a player's value and that PER is not a reliable measure of a player's defensive acumen.
For example, if a team's season record is 30 wins and 20 losses, the winning percentage would be 60% or 0.600: % = % If a team's season record is 30–15–5 (i.e. it has won thirty games, lost fifteen and tied five times), and if the five tie games are counted as 2 1 ⁄ 2 wins, then the team has an adjusted record of 32 1 ⁄ 2 wins, resulting in a 65% or .650 winning percentage for the ...