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The World Bank was created at the 1944 Bretton Woods Conference, along with the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The president of the World Bank is traditionally an American. [12] The World Bank and the IMF are both based in Washington, D.C., and work closely with each other.
The World Bank Institute is the capacity development branch of the World Bank, providing learning and other capacity-building programs to member countries. The IBRD has 189 member governments, and the other institutions have between 153 and 184. [2] The institutions of the World Bank Group are all run by a board of governors meeting once a year ...
World Bank Group: Washington, D.C. 1966: ICSID, International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes: World Bank Group: Washington, D.C. 1988: MIGA Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency: World Bank Group: Washington, D.C. 1995: GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, basis for the creation of World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995
Between 2004 and 2013, the World Bank committed to lend or give at least $338 billion, according to bank data. Its private-lending affiliate, the International Finance Corporation, committed to invest at least $116 billion during the same period in corporations and other banks in pursuit of the overall goal of alleviating poverty.
The IDA is a unique part of the World Bank as it requires continuous replenishment of its resources. Member countries replenish its funds through contributions in addition to supplementary funds provided by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the International Finance Corporation (IFC).
There are five "closely associated institutions" that each have a "distinct role" [4] and together form the World Bank—the IBRD, the International Development Association (IDA), the International Finance Corporation (IFC), that "invests in private firms and promotes entrepreneurship", [5] the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA), that guarantees loans, and the International Centre ...
The World Bank has regularly failed to live up to its own policies for protecting people harmed by projects it finances. The World Bank and its private-sector lending arm, the International Finance Corp., have financed governments and companies accused of human rights violations such as rape, murder and torture.
The development of the World Bank, the IMF, regional development banks such as the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), and multilateral trade institutions such as the WTO signals a move away from the dominance of the state as the primary actor analysed in international affairs.