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A red blood cell in a hypotonic solution, causing water to move into the cell A red blood cell in a hypertonic solution, causing water to move out of the cell. Hemolysis or haemolysis (/ h iː ˈ m ɒ l ɪ s ɪ s /), [1] also known by several other names, is the rupturing of red blood cells (erythrocytes) and the release of their contents into surrounding fluid (e.g. blood plasma).
Intravascular hemolysis describes hemolysis that happens mainly inside the vasculature. [1] As a result, the contents of the red blood cell are released into the general circulation, leading to hemoglobinemia [ 2 ] and increasing the risk of ensuing hyperbilirubinemia .
Certain aspects of the medical history can suggest a cause for hemolysis, such as drugs, medication side effects, autoimmune disorders, blood transfusion reactions, the presence of prosthetic heart valve, or other medical illness. [2] Chronic hemolysis leads to an increased excretion of bilirubin into the biliary tract, which in turn may lead ...
This is a list of roots, suffixes, and prefixes used in medical terminology, their meanings, and their etymologies. Most of them are combining forms in Neo-Latin and hence international scientific vocabulary. There are a few general rules about how they combine.
Disseminated intravascular hemolysis [2] Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura [2] Typical and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome [2] Other microvascular abnormalities; Hypersplenism [2] Hemolytic anemia due to toxic effects on the membrane Spur cell anemia; External toxins Animal or spider bites [2] Metals; Organic compounds [2] Infectious agents
Hemolysis by Streptococcus seen on a plate Not only are the erythrocytes affected by hemolysins, but there are also some effects among other blood cells, such as leucocytes (white blood cells). Escherichia coli hemolysin is potentially cytotoxic to monocytes, lymphocytes and macrophages , leading them to autolysis and death.
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Autoimmune hemolysis might be a precursor of later onset systemic lupus erythematosus. [5] The terminology used in this disease is somewhat ambiguous. Although MeSH uses the term "autoimmune hemolytic anemia", [6] some sources prefer the term "immunohemolytic anemia" so drug reactions can be included in this category.