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The partition of Poland according to the German–Soviet Pact; division of Polish territories in the years 1939–1941. The term "Fourth Partition of Poland" may refer to any subsequent division of Polish lands, including: after the Napoleonic era, the 1815 division of the Duchy of Warsaw at the Congress of Vienna;
In all, about three million Poles died as a result of the German occupation, more than 10% of the pre-war population. When this is added to the three million Polish Jews who were killed as a matter of policy by the Germans, Poland lost about 22% of its population, the highest proportion of any European country in World War II. [111] [112]
The annexation was part of the "fourth partition of Poland" by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union, outlined months before the invasion, in the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. [ 2 ] Some smaller territories were incorporated directly into the existing Gaue East Prussia and Silesia , while the bulk of the land was used to create new Reichsgaue Danzig ...
By the end of the Polish Defensive War the Soviet Union had taken over 52.1% of the territory of Poland (circa 200,000 km 2), with over 13,700,000 people.The estimates vary; Professor Elżbieta Trela-Mazur gives the following numbers in regards to the ethnic composition of these areas: 38% Poles (ca. 5.1 million people), 37% Ukrainians, 14.5% Belarusians, 8.4% Jews, 0.9% Russians and 0.6% Germans.
The demarcation line across the center of Poland was shifted to the east, giving Germany more Polish territory. [12] By this new and final arrangement – often described as a fourth partition of Poland, [2] the Soviet Union secured the lands east of the rivers Pisa, Narew, Bug and San. The area amounted to about 200,000 square kilometres ...
By this arrangement, often described as a fourth partition of Poland, [1] the Soviet Union secured almost all Polish territory east of the line of the rivers Pisa, Narew, Western Bug and San. This amounted to about 200,000 km 2 (77,000 sq mi) territory, inhabited by 13.5 million Polish citizens. [ 92 ]
"The Polish Army on the Eve of World War II," Polish Review (1981) 26#3 pp 54–64. in JSTOR; Garlicki, Andrzej. Józef Piłsudski, 1867-1935 (New York: Scolar Press 1995), scholarly biography; one-vol version of 4 vol Polish edition; Hetherington, Peter. Unvanquished: Joseph Pilsudski, Resurrected Poland, and the Struggle for Eastern Europe ...
1815-1918 used as synonymous with entire Prussian partition of Poland 1918-1945 used in altered meaning regions unsuccessfully claimed from Germany by interwar Poland, in particular Upper Silesia , Warmia , Masuria , Powiśle , Posen-West Prussia , sometimes also Starostwo of Draheim , Lauenburg and Bütow Land and easternmost Hither Pomerania ...