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  2. Polio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polio

    Poliomyelitis (/ ˌ p oʊ l i oʊ ˌ m aɪ ə ˈ l aɪ t ɪ s / POH-lee-oh-MY-ə-LY-tiss), commonly shortened to polio, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus. [1] Approximately 75% of cases are asymptomatic; [5] mild symptoms which can occur include sore throat and fever; in a proportion of cases more severe symptoms develop such as headache, neck stiffness, and paresthesia.

  3. History of polio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_polio

    The history of polio (poliomyelitis) infections began during prehistory. Although major polio epidemics were unknown before the 20th century, [1] the disease has caused paralysis and death for much of human history. Over millennia, polio survived quietly as an endemic pathogen until the 1900s when major epidemics began to occur in Europe. [1]

  4. Poliovirus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poliovirus

    There are two kinds of polio vaccine—oral polio vaccine (OPV), which uses weakened poliovirus, and inactivated polio vaccine (IPV), which is injected. OPV is less expensive and easier to administer, and can spread immunity beyond the person vaccinated, creating contact immunity. It has been the predominant vaccine used.

  5. Polio: An American Story - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polio:_An_American_Story

    Polio: An American Story by David M. Oshinsky, professor of history at the University of Texas at Austin, documents the polio epidemic in the United States during the 1940s and 1950s and the race to develop a vaccine, which led to 2 different types of polio vaccine: inactivated poliovirus vaccine, developed by a team led by Jonas Salk, and oral poliovirus vaccine, developed by a team led by ...

  6. Polio eradication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polio_eradication

    A child receives oral polio vaccine during a 2002 campaign to immunize children in India. Poliovirus. Polio eradication, the goal of permanent global cessation of circulation of the poliovirus and hence elimination of the poliomyelitis (polio) it causes, is the aim of a multinational public health effort begun in 1988, led by the World Health Organization (WHO), the United Nations Children's ...

  7. Cold War tensions and the polio vaccine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_War_Tensions_and_the...

    Albert Sabin, a virologist who publicly disagreed with Salk and his killed vaccine, worked on creating a vaccine with live attenuated vaccines. [5] In January 1956, despite Cold War tensions, Mikhail Chumakov, the director of Moscow's Polio Research Institute, along with his wife virologist Marina Voroshilova, and his colleague Anatoli Smorodentsev, traveled to the U.S. in order to study the ...

  8. Childhood immunizations in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childhood_immunizations_in...

    There are some purported side effects that happen so rarely it is not proven that they are caused by the vaccine, they include deafness; long-term seizures, coma or lowered consciousness; permanent brain damage; Some side effects of the MMRV vaccine are [2] fever (1 in 6) mild rash (1 in 20) swelling of glands in cheeks or neck (1 in 75)

  9. Vaccine adverse event - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine_adverse_event

    According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, while "any vaccine can cause side effects", [11] most side effects are minor, primarily including sore arms or a mild fever. [11] Unlike most medical interventions vaccines are given to healthy people, where the risk of side effects is not as easily outweighed by the benefit of ...