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According to the Hebrew Bible, a "United Monarchy" consisting of Israel and Judah existed as early as the 11th century BCE, under the reigns of Saul, David, and Solomon; the great kingdom later was separated into two smaller kingdoms: Israel, containing the cities of Shechem and Samaria, in the north, and Judah, containing Jerusalem and Solomon ...
And half a century later, the city was sacked by Jehoash of Israel, who destroyed the walls and took Amaziah of Judah prisoner. By the end of the First Temple Period, Jerusalem was the sole acting religious shrine in the kingdom and a centre of regular pilgrimage; a fact which archaeologists generally view as being corroborated by the evidence ...
The Bible portrays Israel and Judah as the successors of an earlier United Kingdom of Israel, although its historicity is disputed. [ 31 ] [ 32 ] Historians and archaeologists agree that the northern Kingdom of Israel existed from ca. 900 BCE [ 1 ] : 169–195 [ 33 ] and that the Kingdom of Judah existed from ca. 700 BCE. [ 2 ]
In 587 or 586 BCE, King Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon conquered Jerusalem, destroyed the First Temple and razed the city. [76] [82] [83] The Kingdom of Judah was abolished, and many of its citizens were exiled to Babylon. The former territory of Judah became a Babylonian province called Yehud with its center in Mizpah, north of the destroyed ...
The Kingdom of Judah was located in the Judean Mountains, stretching from Jerusalem to Hebron and into the Negev Desert.The central ridge, ranging from forested and shrubland-covered mountains gently sloping towards the hills of the Shephelah in the west, to the dry and arid landscapes of the Judaean Desert descending into the Jordan Valley to the east, formed the kingdom's core.
In the Iron Age, the kingdoms of Israel and Judah emerged. The Kingdom of Israel, with its capital at Samaria, fell to the Neo-Assyrian Empire around 720 BCE; [12] while the Kingdom of Judah, with its capital at Jerusalem, was destroyed by the Neo-Babylonian Empire in 586 BCE. [13]
Zerubbabel led the first group of returnees and ruled in Judea for two years. The date is generally thought to have been between 538 and 520 BC. [1] The House of David had survived, but struggled to reclaim its place as the ruling House of Israel. Nehemiah (Book of Nehemiah) arrived in Jerusalem in 445 as governor of Judah, appointed by ...
1920: Nabi Musa Riots in and around the Old City of Jerusalem mark the first large-scale skirmish of the Arab–Israeli conflict. 1921: Hajj Mohammad Amin al-Husayni is appointed Grand Mufti of Jerusalem. 1923: The first lecture is delivered by the first president of World Union of Jewish Students (WUJS), Albert Einstein.