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The expression of HER2 is regulated by signaling through estrogen receptors. Normally, estradiol and tamoxifen acting through the estrogen receptor down-regulate the expression of HER2. However, when the ratio of the coactivator AIB-3 exceeds that of the corepressor PAX2 , the expression of HER2 is upregulated in the presence of tamoxifen ...
When a tumor is “triple positive,” that means that its growth is fueled by both estrogen and progesterone hormones, as well as a protein called human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2 ...
Triple-negative means the cancer does not have estrogen or progesterone receptors and lacks or has very little of the HER2 protein, the organization notes. This cancer has fewer therapies than ...
Another receptor that often plays a role in breast cancer, although it is not a hormone receptor, is the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). The overexpression of HER2 is determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC), or with fluorescent in situ hybridization in those equivocal cases where IHC does not provide a clear result.
A hormone-receptor-positive (HR+) tumor is a tumor which consists of cells that express receptors for certain hormones. The term most commonly refers to estrogen receptor positive tumors (i.e. tumors that contain estrogen receptor positive cells), but can also include progesterone receptor positive tumors. Estrogen-receptor-positive tumors ...
Basal-like or triple-negative: ER-negative, PR-negative, HER2-negative. Munn was diagnosed with luminal B, a subtype the Mayo Clinic notes is likely to benefit from chemotherapy and HER2 hormone ...
The supermodel explained that a doctor called her after she had a lumpectomy and told her it was HER2 positive estrogen receptive intraductal carcinoma, which is a type of breast cancer, per the ...
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is any breast cancer that either lacks or shows low levels of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression and/or gene amplification (i.e. the tumor is negative on all three tests giving the name triple-negative). [1]
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