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A fecal impaction or an impacted bowel is a solid, ... Signs and symptoms. Symptoms of a fecal impaction include the following: [citation needed]
In later stages of constipation, the abdomen may become distended, hard and diffusely tender. Severe cases ("fecal impaction" or malignant constipation) may exhibit symptoms of bowel obstruction (nausea, vomiting, tender abdomen) and encopresis, where soft stool from the small intestine bypasses the mass of impacted fecal matter in the colon.
Fecal impaction can occur as well, says Khan, “which is when stool stays in the rectum for so long that it becomes dry and cannot be expelled naturally, so it must be removed with [a health care ...
This may occur when there is a large mass of feces in the rectum (fecal loading), which may become hardened (fecal impaction). Liquid stool elements can pass around the obstruction, leading to incontinence. Megarectum (enlarged rectal volume) and rectal hyposensitivity are associated with overflow incontinence.
Liquid stool may leak around a fecal impaction, possibly causing degrees of liquid fecal incontinence. This is usually termed encopresis or soiling in children, and fecal leakage, soiling or liquid fecal incontinence in adults. Anismus is usually treated with dietary adjustments, such as dietary fiber supplementation.
Additionally, fecalomas may be seen as masses in the colon. In the case of ulceration, the part of the colon adjacent to the fecaloma will be thickened. This thickening of the bowel will help differentiate from stercoral colitis and stercoral ulcer from fecal impaction as the colon is typically not thickened in cases of fecal impaction. [2]
The signs and symptoms are variable, and in up to 25% of patients there may be no symptoms. [3] The most common symptoms and signs are bleeding, which can vary from minor to severe, rectal prolapse and incomplete evacuation (35%-76% of cases). [4]
Complications, including infection, urinary retention, bleeding, anastomotic dehiscence (opening of the stitched edges inside), rectal stricture (narrowing of the gut lumen), diarrhea, and fecal impaction occur in 6-32% of cases. [5] [10] Mortality occurs in 0–2.5% cases. [10] There is a higher recurrence rate than abdominal approaches (7-26% ...
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