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COVID-19 Antigen Rapid Test Kit; the timer is provided by the user. Mucus from nose or throat in a test liquid is placed onto a COVID-19 rapid antigen diagnostic test device. COVID-19 rapid testing in Rwanda. An antigen is the part of a pathogen that elicits an immune response. Antigen tests look for antigen proteins from the viral surface.
SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh known coronavirus to infect people, after 229E, NL63, OC43, HKU1, MERS-CoV, and the original SARS-CoV. [105] Like the SARS-related coronavirus implicated in the 2003 SARS outbreak, SARS‑CoV‑2 is a member of the subgenus Sarbecovirus (beta-CoV lineage B). [106] [107] Coronaviruses undergo frequent recombination. [108]
A microbolometer is a specific type of bolometer used as a detector in a thermal camera. Cryogenic detectors are sufficiently sensitive to measure the energy of single x-ray, visible and infrared photons. [18] Pyroelectric detectors detect photons through the heat they generate and the subsequent voltage generated in pyroelectric materials.
Confocal microscopes work on the principle of point excitation in the specimen (diffraction limited spot) and point detection of the resulting fluorescent signal. A pinhole at the detector provides a physical barrier that blocks out-of-focus fluorescence. Only the in-focus, or central spot of the Airy disk, is recorded.
Coronavirus diseases are caused by viruses in the coronavirus subfamily, a group of related RNA viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. In humans and birds, the group of viruses cause respiratory tract infections that can range from mild to lethal.
A laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation. The word laser originated as an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.
Spike (S) glycoprotein (sometimes also called spike protein, [2] formerly known as E2 [3]) is the largest of the four major structural proteins found in coronaviruses. [4] The spike protein assembles into trimers that form large structures, called spikes or peplomers, [3] that project from the surface of the virion.
Laser Doppler imaging (LDI) is an imaging method that uses a laser beam to image live tissue. When the laser light reaches the tissue, the moving blood cells generate Doppler components in the reflected (backscattered) light. The light that comes back is detected using a photodiode that converts it into an electrical signal.