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The seizures can be of the tonic–clonic type, with a regular pattern of contraction and extension of the arms and legs, or of types that do not involve contractions, such as absence seizures or complex partial seizures. [1] Status epilepticus is a life-threatening medical emergency, particularly if treatment is delayed. [1]
Seizure frequency is reduced to four to six seizures per year. [3] By this time, they are mentally and physically incapable to live without assistance due to the total mental degradation. Life expectancy is at least 50 years of age, which is shorter than the average worldwide age of 70. [4]
The prognosis depends largely on the worsening symptoms and failure to respond to treatment. ... and has a shortened life expectancy. [4] [3] ... Seizures may become ...
Jeavons syndrome is a lifelong disorder, even if seizures are well controlled with antiepileptic drugs. Men have a better prognosis than women. There is a tendency for photosensitivity to disappear in middle age, but eyelid myoclonia persists.
The greatest increase in mortality from epilepsy is among the elderly. [195] Those with epilepsy due to an unknown cause have a relatively low increase in risk. [195] Mortality is often related to the underlying cause of the seizures, status epilepticus, suicide, trauma, and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). [194]
Dravet syndrome (DS), previously known as severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy (SMEI), is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder which causes a catastrophic form of epilepsy, with prolonged seizures that are often triggered by hot temperatures or fever. [1]
The morbidity and mortality of refractory epilepsy and the adverse effects of medication treatment have a severe impact on life. [17] Those with an early age of epilepsy onset and hippocampal sclerosis have a poorer prognosis for becoming seizure-free. [ 16 ]
Post-traumatic seizures (PTS) are seizures that result from traumatic brain injury (TBI), brain damage caused by physical trauma.PTS may be a risk factor for post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE), but a person having a seizure or seizures due to traumatic brain injury does not necessarily have PTE, which is a form of epilepsy, a chronic condition in which seizures occur repeatedly.
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