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A special-purpose entity (SPE; or, in Europe and India, special-purpose vehicle/SPV; or, in some cases in each EU jurisdiction, FVC, financial vehicle corporation) is a legal entity (usually a limited company of some type or, sometimes, a limited partnership) created to fulfill narrow, specific or temporary objectives.
The FASB's Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 810, Consolidation, provides accounting guidance on when a reporting entity (e.g., a public company) should consolidate a legal entity as a subsidiary in the reporting entity's financial statements.
Orphan structure or Orphan SPV or orphaning are terms used in structured finance closely associated with creating SPVs ("Special Purpose Vehicles") for securitisation transactions where the notional equity of the SPV is deliberately handed over to an unconnected 3rd party who themselves have no control over the SPV; thus the SPV becomes an "orphan" whose equity is controlled by no one.
An Irish Section 110 special purpose vehicle (SPV) or section 110 company is an Irish tax resident company, which qualifies under Section 110 of the Irish Taxes Consolidation Act 1997 (TCA) for a special tax regime that enables the SPV to attain "tax neutrality": i.e. the SPV pays no Irish taxes, VAT, or duties.
A blocker corporation is a type of C Corporation in the United States that has been used by tax exempt individuals to protect their investments from taxation when they participate in private equity or with hedge funds.
To issue an ILS in the security or derivative market, an insurer would first issue an SPV, or Special purpose vehicle. An SPV has two functions; it provides re-insurance for insurance companies and issues securities to investors. At first, an SPV deposits funds collected by investors into a trust. Any interested parties will pay a premium to ...
A bank transfers risk in its loan portfolio by entering into a default swap with a ring-fenced special purpose vehicle (SPV). The SPV buys gilts (UK government bonds). The SPV sells 4 tranches of credit linked notes with a waterfall structure whereby: Tranche D absorbs the first 25% of losses on the portfolio, and is the most risky.
The Instrument in Support of Trade Exchanges (INSTEX) was a European special-purpose vehicle (SPV) established on 31 January 2019 and liquidated in March 2023. Its stated mission was to facilitate non- USD and non- SWIFT [ 1 ] [ 2 ] transactions with Iran to avoid breaking U.S. sanctions .