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  2. Choked flow - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choked_flow

    where is the heat capacity ratio / of the gas and where is the total (stagnation) upstream pressure. For air with a heat capacity ratio =, then =; other gases have in the range 1.09 (e.g. butane) to 1.67 (monatomic gases), so the critical pressure ratio varies in the range < / <, which means that, depending on the gas, choked flow usually ...

  3. Compressor characteristic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compressor_characteristic

    Compressor characteristic is a mathematical curve that shows the behaviour of a fluid going through a dynamic compressor.It shows changes in fluid pressure, temperature, entropy, flow rate etc.) with the compressor operating at different speeds.

  4. Compressor map - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compressor_map

    A low pressure ratio fan (such as that used on a high bypass ratio turbofan) has a range of working lines. At high flight speeds, the ram pressure ratio factors up the cold nozzle pressure ratio, causing the nozzle to choke. Above the choking condition, the working lines tend to coalesce into a unique steep straight line.

  5. Stodola's cone law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stodola's_cone_law

    For a given outlet pressure , flow rates change depending on the inlet pressure as an arc of hyperbola in a plane parallel to ˙. Usually, Stodola's cone does not represent absolute flow rates and pressures, but rather maximum flow rates and pressures, with the maximum values of the diagram having in this case the value of 1.

  6. Propelling nozzle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propelling_nozzle

    Convergent nozzles are used on many jet engines. If the nozzle pressure ratio is above the critical value (about 1.8:1) a convergent nozzle will choke, resulting in some of the expansion to atmospheric pressure taking place downstream of the throat (i.e., smallest flow area), in the jet wake. Although jet momentum still produces much of the ...

  7. Critical heat flux - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_heat_flux

    At low pressures (including atmospheric pressure), the pressure dependence is mainly through the change in vapor density leading to an increase in the critical heat flux with pressure. However, as pressures approach the critical pressure, both the surface tension and the heat of vaporization converge to zero, making them the dominant sources of ...

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  9. de Laval nozzle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Laval_nozzle

    A de Laval nozzle (or convergent-divergent nozzle, CD nozzle or con-di nozzle) is a tube which is pinched in the middle, with a rapid convergence and gradual divergence. It is used to accelerate a compressible fluid to supersonic speeds in the axial (thrust) direction, by converting the thermal energy of the flow into kinetic energy .