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The Northstar engine is a family of high-performance 90° V engines produced by General Motors between 1993 and 2011. Regarded as GM's most technically complex engine, the original double overhead cam, four valve per cylinder, aluminum block/aluminum head V8 design was developed by Oldsmobile R&D, [citation needed] but is most associated with Cadillac's Northstar series.
The firing order has been changed from that shared by all previous Modular V8s (1-3-7-2-6-5-4-8) to that of the Ford Flathead V8 (1-5-4-8-6-3-7-2). [17] Compression ratio is 11.0:1, and despite having port fuel injection (as opposed to direct injection ) the engine can still be run on 87 octane gasoline.
Straight-five engines typically use a firing order of 1-2-4-5-3, in order to minimise the primary vibration from the rocking couple. Straight-six engines typically use a firing order of 1-5-3-6-2-4, which results in perfect primary and secondary balance. However, a firing order of 1-2-4-6-5-3 is common on medium-speed marine engines.
This was so named because it began with Chevrolet's V8 engines. Chevrolet big-block V8s; Chevrolet small-block V8s; GM Vortec 4300 90° V6; GM Iron Duke RWD inline 4 (early RWD Variants, later versions may use a FWD pattern, and have two possible starter locations) Jeep with GM Iron Duke inline 4 2.5L/151 in³ (1980-1983).
1991–present Modular V8 —SOHC/DOHC 4.6/5.0/5.4/5.8 L 1997–present Triton V8—truck versions of the Modular; 2003–2004 Terminator V8 DOHC Supercharged 4.6 L; 2010–2016 'Ford Miami Coyote V8 based Ford Australia Ford Performance Vehicles 5.0 L Supercharged DOHC VCT on intake cams only
Note: this is commonly called the Ford Small-block V8 pattern, though it is used in some "big block"-sized V8's as well as some V6's and I6's. 200 I6 1978-1983 only, partial (4 of 6 bolts) pattern. 250 I6 (except Australian 250/4.1) 255 V8; 289 V8 - (made after August 3, 1964) - had 6 bolts holding bellhousing to block; 302 Cleveland (Australia)
Engine choices included the 2.8-liter LP1 V-6, 3.6 LY7 V-6 and the 4.6-liter Northstar V-8 as in the STS V-8 [16] from 2007 to 2009. The 3.6 liter LLT engine was available from 2010 to 2011 until it was replaced by the 2.0 liter LDK and the 3.0 liter LF1 V6 for 2011 to 2013 models.
2 4 6 8 on right bank, 1 3 5 7 on left bank. Northstar (GM): Counting front to back on the engine on the engine: 1 3 5 7 on right bank, 2 4 6 8 on left bank. In V8 engines there is usually an offset between the front of the right bank compared to the front of the left bank about equal to the width of the lower part of the connecting rod.