Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Control centers include the respiratory center and the renin-angiotensin system. An effector is the target acted on, to bring about the change back to the normal state. At the cellular level, effectors include nuclear receptors that bring about changes in gene expression through up-regulation or down-regulation and act in negative feedback ...
Antibody Effectors are effectors involved with the production and secretion of molecules involved in pathogen defense, such as Immunoglobulin. Many antibodies then act as effector molecules for the immune system of the organism. [7] Bacterial effector proteins are proteins injected by (usually pathogenic) bacterial cells into the cells of their ...
In cell biology, an effector cell is any of various types of cell that actively responds to a stimulus and effects some change (brings it about). Examples of effector cells include: The muscle, gland or organ cell capable of responding to a stimulus at the terminal end of an efferent nerve fiber; Plasma cell, an effector B cell in the immune system
Typically, the signaling process involves three components: the signal, the receptor, and the effector. [citation needed] In biology, signals are mostly chemical in nature, but can also be physical cues such as pressure, voltage, temperature, or light. Chemical signals are molecules with the ability to bind and activate a specific receptor.
The critical role regulatory T cells play within the immune system is evidenced by the severe autoimmune syndrome that results from a genetic deficiency in regulatory T cells (IPEX syndrome – see also below). Diagram of regulatory T cell, effector T cells and dendritic cell showing putative mechanisms of suppression by regulatory T cells.
The regulation of glucose levels through Homeostasis. This tight regulation is referred to as glucose homeostasis. Insulin, which lowers blood sugar, and glucagon, which raises it, are the most well known of the hormones involved, but more recent discoveries of other glucoregulatory hormones have expanded the understanding of this process.
Autonomic nervous system, showing splanchnic nerves in middle, and the vagus nerve as "X" in blue. The heart and organs below in list to right are regarded as viscera. The autonomic nervous system has been classically divided into the sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system only (i.e., exclusively motor).
In this way, T h 17 cell lineage appears to be one of the three major subsets of effector T cells, as these cells are involved in regulation of neutrophils, while T h 2 cells regulate eosinophils, basophils and mast cells, and T h 1 cells regulate macrophages and monocytes. [10]