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A restriction enzyme, restriction endonuclease, REase, ENase or restrictase is an enzyme that cleaves DNA into fragments at or near specific recognition sites within molecules known as restriction sites. [1] [2] [3] Restriction enzymes are one class of the broader endonuclease group of enzymes.
A restriction enzyme or restriction endonuclease is a special type of biological macromolecule that functions as part of the "immune system" in bacteria.One special kind of restriction enzymes is the class of "homing endonucleases", these being present in all three domains of life, although their function seems to be very different from one domain to another.
The restriction modification system (RM system) is found in bacteria and archaea, and provides a defense against foreign DNA, such as that borne by bacteriophages.. Bacteria have restriction enzymes, also called restriction endonucleases, which cleave double-stranded DNA at specific points into fragments, which are then degraded further by other endonucleases.
Restriction enzymes are endonucleases from eubacteria and archaea that recognize a specific DNA sequence. [3] The nucleotide sequence recognized for cleavage by a restriction enzyme is called the restriction site. Typically, a restriction site will be a palindromic sequence about four to six nucleotides long. Most restriction endonucleases ...
Name of Restriction Enzyme: Accepted name of the molecule, according to the internationally adopted nomenclature, [1] [2] and bibliographical references. Note: When alphabetizing, enzymes are first ordered alphabetically by the acronyms (everything before the roman numeral); then enzymes of a given acronym are ordered alphabetically by the ...
Several databases exist for restriction sites and enzymes, of which the largest noncommercial database is REBASE. [5] [6] Recently, it has been shown that statistically significant nullomers (i.e. short absent motifs which are highly expected to exist) in virus genomes are restriction sites indicating that viruses have probably got rid of these motifs to facilitate invasion of bacterial hosts. [7]
Restriction digest is most commonly used as part of the process of the molecular cloning of DNA fragment into a vector (such as a cloning vector or an expression vector).The vector typically contains a multiple cloning site where many restriction site may be found, and a foreign piece of DNA may be inserted into the vector by first cutting the restriction sites in the vector as well the DNA ...
List of restriction enzyme cutting sites: Bsa–Bso; List of restriction enzyme cutting sites: Bsp–Bss; List of restriction enzyme cutting sites: Bst–Bv; List of restriction enzyme cutting sites: C–D; List of restriction enzyme cutting sites: E–F; List of restriction enzyme cutting sites: G–K; List of restriction enzyme cutting sites ...