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A close vowel, also known as a high vowel (in U.S. terminology [1]), is any in a class of vowel sounds used in many spoken languages.The defining characteristic of a close vowel is that the tongue is positioned approximately as close as possible to the roof of the mouth as it can be without creating a constriction.
A scale of vowels is an arrangement of vowels in order of perceived "pitch". A scale used for poetry in American English lists the vowels by the frequency of the second formant (the higher of the two overtones that define a vowel sound).
By definition, no vowel sound can be plotted outside of the IPA trapezium because its four corners represent the extreme points of articulation. The vowel diagrams of most real languages are not so extreme. In English, for example, high vowels are not as high as the corners of the IPA trapezium, and front vowels are not as front. [2] [6]
English examples low vowels (open vowels) /a ə/ mid vowels /e o/ high vowels (close vowels) / glides /i u j w/ (first two are close vowels, last two are semivowels) flaps [ɾ] laterals /l/ nasals /m n ŋ/ voiced fricatives /v ð z/ voiceless fricatives /f θ s/ voiced plosives /b d g/ voiceless plosives /p t k/
Sound sample Close front unrounded vowel: close: front: unrounded: 301: i i i Sound sample ...
The close front rounded vowel, or high front rounded vowel, [1] is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is y , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is y .
A spectrogram of [i]. Sagittal section of a vocal tract pronouncing the IPA sound i . Note that a wavy glottis in this diagram indicates a voiced sound.. The close front unrounded vowel, or high front unrounded vowel, [1] is a type of vowel sound that occurs in most spoken languages, represented in the International Phonetic Alphabet by the symbol i.
English vowels, for example, have a very high functional load. There are innumerable sets of words distinguished just by their vowels, such as pin, pen, pan, pun, pain, pine. Voicing is similar, as can be seen in pat - bad, few - view. Speakers who do not control these differences make it very difficult for others to understand them.