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A concussion, also known as a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), is a head injury that temporarily affects brain functioning. [8] Symptoms may include headache, dizziness, difficulty with thinking and concentration, sleep disturbances, mood changes, a brief period of memory loss, brief loss of consciousness; problems with balance; nausea; blurred vision; and mood changes.
The amount of time that the amnesia is present correlates with the severity of the injury. In all cases, the patients develop post concussion syndrome, which includes memory problems, dizziness, tiredness, sickness and depression. Cerebral concussion is the most common head injury seen in children. [9]
The Concussion Recognition Tool 6 (CRT6) can be used to help non-medically trained people manage sport related concussion on the sideline to ensure that they are directed to the appropriate care. [2] Symptoms of concussion can be felt right away or appear over the first 1-2 days after an accident.
Second-impact syndrome shares all the risk factors of a concussion; that is, those who are at increased risk for a concussion are also at higher risk for SIS. Thus, people who participate in sports such as boxing , Association football , American football , baseball , rugby , basketball , ice hockey , pro wrestling , horse riding , and skiing ...
Closed-head injury is a type of traumatic brain injury in which the skull and dura mater remain intact. Closed-head injuries are the leading cause of death in children under 4 years old and the most common cause of physical disability and cognitive impairment in young people.
After a concussion, protocols for safe return to sports practice and competition involve gradual return to play with an appropriate level of medical supervision. [24] To ensure player safety and reduce potential liability, school concussion plans should also have a formal system for tracking compliance, and for identifying and responding to any ...
A medical assessment by a physician or nurse practitioner is required if a concussion is suspected in an infant, child, or adolescent to rule out a more serious head injury and diagnose the concussion. [6] Treatment for concussion includes a short cognitive and physical period of rest followed by gradual return to activity and school.
Abdominal CT showing left renal artery injury. Blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) represents 75% of all blunt trauma and is the most common example of this injury. [3] Seventy-five percent of BAT occurs in motor vehicle crashes, [4] in which rapid deceleration may propel the driver into the steering wheel, dashboard, or seatbelt, [5] causing contusions in less serious cases, or rupture of internal ...