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  2. Atom (measure theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom_(measure_theory)

    In mathematics, more precisely in measure theory, an atom is a measurable set that has positive measure and contains no set of smaller positive measures. A measure that has no atoms is called non-atomic or atomless .

  3. Terminal and nonterminal symbols - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_and_nonterminal...

    Nonterminal symbols are those symbols that can be replaced. They may also be called simply syntactic variables . A formal grammar includes a start symbol , a designated member of the set of nonterminals from which all the strings in the language may be derived by successive applications of the production rules.

  4. Glossary of mathematical symbols - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_mathematical...

    3. Between two groups, may mean that the first one is a proper subgroup of the second one. > (greater-than sign) 1. Strict inequality between two numbers; means and is read as "greater than". 2. Commonly used for denoting any strict order. 3. Between two groups, may mean that the second one is a proper subgroup of the first one. ≤ 1.

  5. Initial and terminal objects - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initial_and_terminal_objects

    In category theory, a branch of mathematics, an initial object of a category C is an object I in C such that for every object X in C, there exists precisely one morphism I → X. The dual notion is that of a terminal object (also called terminal element): T is terminal if for every object X in C there exists exactly one morphism X → T.

  6. Atomic model (mathematical logic) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_model_(mathematical...

    The ordered field of real algebraic numbers is the unique atomic model of the theory of real closed fields.; Any finite model is atomic. A dense linear ordering without endpoints is atomic.

  7. Atom (order theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom_(order_theory)

    In the mathematical field of order theory, an element a of a partially ordered set with least element 0 is an atom if 0 < a and there is no x such that 0 < x < a. Equivalently, one may define an atom to be an element that is minimal among the non-zero elements, or alternatively an element that covers the least element 0 .

  8. Glossary of mathematical jargon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_mathematical...

    Rigor is a cornerstone quality of mathematics, and can play an important role in preventing mathematics from degenerating into fallacies. well-behaved An object is well-behaved (in contrast with being Pathological ) if it satisfies certain prevailing regularity properties, or if it conforms to mathematical intuition (even though intuition can ...

  9. Mathematical object - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_object

    A mathematical object is an abstract concept arising in mathematics. [1] Typically, a mathematical object can be a value that can be assigned to a symbol, and therefore can be involved in formulas.