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It added, "Although India's broader naturalization laws remain in place, these amendments will have a discriminatory effect on people's access to nationality." [242] The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights filed an intervention in the Supreme Court of India on the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) in 2020. [243]
(b) on or after the 1st day of July, 1987, but before the commencement of the Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2003 and either of whose parents is a citizen of India at the time of his birth; (c) on or after the commencement of the Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2003, where- (i) both of his parents are citizens of India; or
The Constitution spells out governmental powers with so much detail that many matters addressed by statute in other democracies must be addressed via constitutional amendment in India. As a result, the Constitution is amended roughly twice a year. The main purpose of the amendments is to become more relevant.
Indian citizens by descent can be dual citizens till 18 upon which they have to choose a citizenship. [86] [1] [2] Dual citizenship was allowed with specific countries till 2005. [94] Citizenship amendment bill of 2003 allowed citizens by descent to continue Indian citizenship after 18 if they registered as overseas citizens. [95]
Constitutional amendment under article 368 allows peaceful division of the country provided fundamental rights (Article 13) are ensured in all the resultant countries. The constitution (ninth amendment) act, 1960 is an example which has ceded territory to old Pakistan. [15]
The President shall not withhold constitutional amendment bill duly passed by Parliament per Article 368. If the President gives his assent, the bill is published in The Gazette of India [15] and becomes an act from the date of his assent. If he withholds his assent, the bill is dropped, which is known as absolute veto.
The Constitution of India is the supreme legal document of India. [2] [3] The document lays down the framework that demarcates fundamental political code, structure, procedures, powers, and duties of government institutions and sets out fundamental rights, directive principles, and the duties of citizens. It is the longest written national ...
It supersedes Indiana's 1816 constitution and has had numerous amendments since its initial adoption. Indiana's constitution is composed of a preamble, articles, and amendments. Among other provisions, it specifies a republican form of government (pursuant to Article IV, Section 4, of the U.S. Constitution) consisting of three branches ...