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  2. Limit (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limit_(mathematics)

    On the other hand, if X is the domain of a function f(x) and if the limit as n approaches infinity of f(x n) is L for every arbitrary sequence of points {x n} in X − x 0 which converges to x 0, then the limit of the function f(x) as x approaches x 0 is equal to L. [10] One such sequence would be {x 0 + 1/n}.

  3. Graph (discrete mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_(discrete_mathematics)

    A graph with three vertices and three edges. A graph (sometimes called an undirected graph to distinguish it from a directed graph, or a simple graph to distinguish it from a multigraph) [4] [5] is a pair G = (V, E), where V is a set whose elements are called vertices (singular: vertex), and E is a set of unordered pairs {,} of vertices, whose elements are called edges (sometimes links or lines).

  4. Mathematics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics

    Mathematics is a field of study that discovers and organizes methods, theories and theorems that are developed and proved for the needs of empirical sciences and ...

  5. Division (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Division_(mathematics)

    This is denoted as 20 / 5 = 4, or ⁠ 20 / 5 ⁠ = 4. [2] In the example, 20 is the dividend, 5 is the divisor, and 4 is the quotient. Unlike the other basic operations, when dividing natural numbers there is sometimes a remainder that will not go evenly into the dividend; for example, 10 / 3 leaves a remainder of 1, as 10 is not a multiple of 3.

  6. Surreal number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surreal_number

    A visualization of the surreal number tree. In mathematics, the surreal number system is a totally ordered proper class containing not only the real numbers but also infinite and infinitesimal numbers, respectively larger or smaller in absolute value than any positive real number.

  7. Function (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Function_(mathematics)

    The College Mathematics Journal. 20 (4): 282– 300. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.113.6352. doi:10.2307/2686848. JSTOR 2686848. Lützen, Jesper (2003). "Between rigor and applications: Developments in the concept of function in mathematical analysis". In Porter, Roy (ed.). The Cambridge History of Science: The modern physical and mathematical sciences ...

  8. Exponential distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_distribution

    In probability theory and statistics, the exponential distribution or negative exponential distribution is the probability distribution of the distance between events in a Poisson point process, i.e., a process in which events occur continuously and independently at a constant average rate; the distance parameter could be any meaningful mono-dimensional measure of the process, such as time ...

  9. Additive identity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Additive_identity

    In mathematics, the additive identity of a set that is equipped with the operation of addition is an element which, when added to any element x in the set, yields x.One of the most familiar additive identities is the number 0 from elementary mathematics, but additive identities occur in other mathematical structures where addition is defined, such as in groups and rings.