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For example, you might pay $5,000 for a zero-coupon bond with a face value of $10,000 and receive the full price, $10,000, upon maturity in 20 or 30 years. Zero-coupon CDs work the same way.
Zero coupon bonds have a duration equal to the bond's time to maturity, which makes them sensitive to any changes in the interest rates. Investment banks or dealers may separate coupons from the principal of coupon bonds, which is known as the residue, so that different investors may receive the principal and each of the coupon payments.
Analytic Example: Given: 0.5-year spot rate, Z1 = 4%, and 1-year spot rate, Z2 = 4.3% (we can get these rates from T-Bills which are zero-coupon); and the par rate on a 1.5-year semi-annual coupon bond, R3 = 4.5%. We then use these rates to calculate the 1.5 year spot rate. We solve the 1.5 year spot rate, Z3, by the formula below:
For example, if a zero-coupon bond with a $20,000 face value and a 20-year term pays 5.5% interest, the interest rate is knocked off the purchase price and the bond might sell for $7,000. In two ...
Zero-coupon bonds are those that pay no coupons and thus have a coupon rate of 0%. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] Such bonds make only one payment: the payment of the face value on the maturity date. Normally, to compensate the bondholder for the time value of money , the price of a zero-coupon bond will always be less than its face value on any date of purchase ...
Bonds are sold at less than face value, for example, a $50 Series EE bond may cost $25. Bonds accrue interest, and your gains are compounded , meaning that interest is earned on interest.
A risk-free bond is a theoretical bond that repays interest and principal with absolute certainty. The rate of return would be the risk-free interest rate. It is primary security, which pays off 1 unit no matter state of economy is realized at time +. So its payoff is the same regardless of what state occurs.
The more curved the price function of the bond is, the more inaccurate duration is as a measure of the interest rate sensitivity. [2] Convexity is a measure of the curvature or 2nd derivative of how the price of a bond varies with interest rate, i.e. how the duration of a bond changes as the interest rate changes. [3]