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The Chinese Exclusion Act was a United States federal law signed by President Chester A. Arthur on May 6, 1882, prohibiting all immigration of Chinese laborers for 10 years. The law made exceptions for merchants, teachers, students, travelers, and diplomats. [ 2 ]
The Page Act of 1875 (Sect. 141, 18 Stat. 477, 3 March 1875) was the first restrictive federal immigration law in the United States, which effectively prohibited the entry of Chinese women, marking the end of open borders.
Total immigration in the decade of 1931 to 1940 was 528,000 averaging less than 53,000 a year. The Chinese exclusion laws were repealed in 1943. The Luce–Celler Act of 1946 ended discrimination against Filipino Americans and Indian Americans, who were accorded the right to naturalization, and allowed a quota of 100 immigrants per year.
By 1900, only 4,522 of the 89,837 Chinese migrants that lived in the US were women. The lack of women migrants was largely due to the passage of US anti-immigration laws. The Page Act of 1875 prevented the immigration of all women prostitutes from China. This law was used to limit the immigration of all Chinese women, not just prostitutes.
The Chinese Exclusion Repeal Act of 1943, also known as the Magnuson Act, was an immigration law proposed by US Representative (later Senator) Warren G. Magnuson of Washington and signed into law on December 17, 1943, in the United States. [1]
In response anti-Chinese immigration laws were passed by the government, barring entry to new Chinese immigrants and requiring that fully legal existing Chinese immigrants who wished to later return to the United States obtain a "certificate of return". [1] These laws were delineated in various acts, such as the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882.
Madeline Hsu, a history professor at the University of Texas at Austin, said that in historically justifying anti-Chinese immigration laws, Chinese immigrants were portrayed "as this threat to the ...
The Scott Act was a United States law that prohibited U.S. resident Chinese laborers from returning to the United States. Its main author was William Lawrence Scott of Pennsylvania, and it was signed into law by U.S. President Grover Cleveland on October 1, 1888.