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An evolutionary perspective on children's motivation in the peer group. International Journal of Behavioral Development 19(1): 53–73. Full text; Insko (2009). "Reducing intergroup conflict through the consideration of future consequences". European Journal of Social Psychology. 39 (5): 831– 841. doi: 10.1002/ejsp.592
A peer group can be identified as a group of individuals who are similar in age and social class. By joining peer groups, children begin to detach from the authority the family has imposed in them, and start making choices of their own. Negative influences from peer groups can also lead to deviant behavior, due to peer pressure. [9]
During adolescence, children increasingly form peer groups, often with a common interest or values (e.g., "skaters," "jocks"), that are somewhat insular in nature (e.g., "cliques" or "crowds"). Theoretically, peer groups have been hypothesized to serve as an intermediary support source as adolescents exert independence from their family. [31]
Sociometric status is a measurement that reflects the degree to which someone is liked or disliked by their peers as a group. While there are some studies that have looked at sociometric status among adults, the measure is primarily used with children and adolescents to make inferences about peer relations and social competence.
Child Development is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal covering developmental psychology from the fetal period to adolescence. It was established in 1930 and the editor-in-chief is Glenn Roisman. It is published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Society for Research in Child Development. The journal publishes original contributions ...
Childhood. A journal of global child research, is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering research in the field of childhood studies.It was established in 1993 and is published by SAGE Publishing in association with the Department of Education and Lifelong Learning (Norwegian University of Science and Technology).
Some child development studies that examine the effects of experience or heredity by comparing characteristics of different groups of children cannot use a randomized design; while other studies use randomized designs to compare outcomes for groups of children who receive different interventions or educational treatments. [55]
In the 1930s, researchers began investigating peer groups and how children's characteristics affected their positions within these peer groups. In the 1950s and 1960s, research established that children's social competence was related to future mental health (such as maladaptive outcomes in adulthood), as well as problems in school settings. [3]