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Thus, fragmentation is an important problem in file system research and design. The containment of fragmentation not only depends on the on-disk format of the file system, but also heavily on its implementation. [9] File system fragmentation has less performance impact upon solid-state drives, as there is no mechanical seek time involved. [10]
Just as compaction can eliminate external fragmentation, data fragmentation can be eliminated by rearranging data storage so that related pieces are close together. For example, the primary job of a defragmentation tool is to rearrange blocks on disk so that the blocks of each file are contiguous. Most defragmenting utilities also attempt to ...
Defragmentation is advantageous and relevant to file systems on electromechanical disk drives (hard disk drives, floppy disk drives and optical disk media). The movement of the hard drive's read/write heads over different areas of the disk when accessing fragmented files is slower, compared to accessing the entire contents of a non-fragmented ...
Parts of the Java Class Library must load before program execution (at least the classes used within a program). [64] This leads to a significant memory overhead for small applications. [citation needed] Both the Java binary and native recompilations will typically be in memory. The virtual machine uses substantial memory.
Program Developer License Supported file systems Supported platforms GUI CLI Script Scheduler Boot time Auto defrag when idle Stable release; Auslogics Disk Defrag Auslogics Freeware: FAT16, FAT32, NTFS Windows XP and later Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Optimization comes at a price and it is important to be sure that the investment is worthwhile. An automatic optimizer (or optimizing compiler, a program that performs code optimization) may itself have to be optimized, either to further improve the efficiency of its target programs or else speed up its own operation. A compilation performed ...
For example, Sun's Java Virtual Machine has two major modes—client and server. In client mode, minimal compilation and optimization is performed, to reduce startup time. In server mode, extensive compilation and optimization is performed, to maximize performance once the application is running by sacrificing startup time.
Zero-copy programming techniques can be used when exchanging data within a user space process (i.e. between two or more threads, etc.) and/or between two or more processes (see also producer–consumer problem) and/or when data has to be accessed / copied / moved inside kernel space or between a user space process and kernel space portions of operating systems (OS).