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The other castes were similarly further sub-classified by 19th-century and early-20th-century ethnographers based on numerous criteria ranging from profession, endogamy or exogamy or polygamy, and a host of other factors in a manner similar to castas in Spanish colonies such as Mexico, and caste system studies in British colonies such as India.
There are 3,000 castes and 25,000 sub-castes in India, each related to a specific occupation. [12] Caste-based differences have also been practised in other regions and religions in the Indian subcontinent, like Nepalese Buddhism, [13] Christianity, Islam, Judaism and Sikhism. [14]
The complete list of castes and tribes was made via two orders: The Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950 [36] and The Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order, 1950, [37] respectively. Which are derived from colonial list and first updated in Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Lists (Modification) Order, 1956.
In India, anthropologists now more often speak of 'sub-castes' or Jatis, as the building blocks of society [rather than castes]. However, unless there is a strong element of political control or territoriality associated with such groups these too tend to disintegrate upon closer inspection as soon as essentially exogamous practices such as ...
This is a list of Scheduled Castes in India. The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes are those considered the most socio-economic disadvantaged in India, and are officially defined in the Constitution of India in order to aid equality initiatives. The Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950 lists 1,109 castes across 28 states. [1]
The diverse occupations of the sub-castes of Nishad community were standardized and they were perceived as people thriving on boating and fishing only. [ 6 ] The process of equating caste with occupation was though considered as misleading now, as by the late 19th century the Mallaah and its sub-castes were moving towards cities and were ...
Today, the Lingayat community is a blend of various castes, consisting of OBC [117] [118] and SC. [119] Currently, 16 castes of Lingayats have been accorded the OBC status by the Central Government. [118] According to one of the estimates by a Lingayat politician around 7 per cent of people in Lingayat community come under SC and STs. [119]
A unitary state is a state governed as a single power in which the central government is ultimately supreme and any administrative divisions (sub-national units) exercise only the powers that the central government chooses to delegate. The majority of states in the world have a unitary system of government.