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A ship's draft/draught is the "depth of the vessel below the waterline measured vertically to the lowest part of the hull, propellers, or other reference point". [1] That is, the draft or draught is the maximum depth of any part of the vessel, including appendages such as rudders, propellers and drop keels if deployed.
The original "Plimsoll mark" was a circle with a horizontal line through it to show the maximum draft of a ship. Additional marks have been added over the years, allowing for different water densities and expected sea conditions.
English: Draft marks (on the metric scale, i.e. in decimetres) on the bow of a tour boat, and their reflections in the waters of Milford Sound. Deutsch: Tiefgangsmarke in Dezimetern am Bug eines Ausflugschiffs im Milford Sound
A merchant vessel has three matching sets: one mark each on the port and starboard sides forward, midships, and astern. [3] These marks allow a ship's displacement to be determined to an accuracy of 0.5%. [3] The draft observed at each set of marks is averaged to find a mean draft. The ship's hydrostatic tables show the corresponding volume ...
Used mainly to determine the minimum water depth for safe passage of a vessel and to calculate the vessel's displacement (obtained from ship's stability tables) so as to determine the mass of cargo on board. Draft, Air – Air Draft/Draught is the distance from the water line to the highest point on a ship (including antennas) while it is ...
Waterline of a ship. The mark above the waterline indicates the Plimsoll line. The waterline is the line where the hull of a ship meets the surface of the water.. A waterline can also refer to any line on a ship's hull that is parallel to the water's surface when the ship is afloat in a level trimmed position.
The convention pertains specifically to a ship's load line, a marking of the highest points on a ship's hull that can safely meet the surface of the water; a ship that is loaded to the point where its load line is underwater and no longer visible has exceeded its draft and is in danger because its capacity has been exceeded.
The draft survey is performed by reading the ship's draft on the draft markings at six standard points on the hull: forward, midships and aft on both port and starboard sides. [2] Corrections for factors such as trim, water density and non-cargo weight changes are made before calculating the cargo weight change. [3]