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James Joule was born in 1818, the son of Benjamin Joule (1784–1858), a wealthy brewer, and his wife, Alice Prescott, on New Bailey Street in Salford. [3] Joule was tutored as a young man by the famous scientist John Dalton and was strongly influenced by chemist William Henry and Manchester engineers Peter Ewart and Eaton Hodgkinson.
1840 – James Prescott Joule formulates the equation for Joule heating quantifying the amount of heat produced in a circuit as proportional to the product of the time duration, the resistance, and the square of the current passing through it. [30]
James Prescott Joule [32] 1818–1889 British (English) Energy [33] joule (J) Antoine Henri Becquerel [34] 1852–1908 French Radioactivity: becquerel (Bq) Nikola Tesla [35] 1856–1943 Serbian [note 2]-American Magnetic flux density [36] tesla (T) Heinrich Rudolf Hertz [37] 1857–1894 German Frequency [38] hertz (Hz) Rolf Maximilian Sievert ...
1852 – James Prescott Joule and William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin discover Joule–Thomson effect; 1856 – James Harrison patented an ether liquid-vapour compression refrigeration system and developed the first practical ice-making and refrigeration room for use in the brewing and meat-packing industries of Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Brewer and amateur scientist James Prescott Joule was one of the proponents of the latter. Joule's intricate experiments—the most successful of which involved heating water with paddle wheels—making full use of his skill in temperature control as a brewer, demonstrated decisively the reality of the "mechanical equivalent of heat."
1843 – James Prescott Joule measures the equivalence between mechanical work and heat, resulting in the law of conservation of energy. 1845 – Christian Doppler demonstrates the Doppler shift. 1851 – Léon Foucault uses Foucault pendulum to demonstrate the rotation of the Earth.
Joule's apparatus for measuring the mechanical equivalent of heat. Most established scientists, such as William Henry, [13] as well as Thomas Thomson, believed that there was enough uncertainty in the caloric theory to allow its adaptation to account for the new results. It had certainly proved robust and adaptable up to that time.
1840 – James Prescott Joule formulates Joule's Law (sometimes called the Joule-Lenz law) quantifying the amount of heat produced in a circuit as proportional to the product of the time duration, the resistance, and the square of the current passing through it.