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  2. Tier 1 network - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tier_1_network

    A Tier 1 network is an Internet Protocol (IP) network that can reach every other network on the Internet solely via settlement-free interconnection (also known as settlement-free peering). [1] [2] Tier 1 networks can exchange traffic with other Tier 1 networks without paying any fees for the exchange of traffic in either direction. [3]

  3. Routing protocol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Routing_protocol

    A routing protocol shares this information first among immediate neighbors, and then throughout the network. This way, routers gain knowledge of the topology of the network . The ability of routing protocols to dynamically adjust to changing conditions such as disabled connections and components and route data around obstructions is what gives ...

  4. List of Internet exchange points by size - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_exchange...

    This is a list of Internet exchange points by size, measured by peak data rate , with additional data on location, establishment and average throughput. Generally only exchanges with more than ten gigabits per second peak throughput have been taken into consideration. The numbers in the list represent switched traffic only (no private ...

  5. Gopher (protocol) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher_(protocol)

    Example of a selector line in a menu source: The following selector line generates a link to the "/home" directory at the subdomain gopher.floodgap.com, on port 70. The item type of 1 indicates that the linked resource is a Gopher menu itself.

  6. Classless Inter-Domain Routing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classless_Inter-Domain_Routing

    The IP address in CIDR notation is always represented according to the standards for IPv4 or IPv6. The address may denote a specific interface address (including a host identifier, such as 10.0.0.1 / 8), or it may be the beginning address of an entire network (using a host identifier of 0, as in 10.0.0.0 / 8 or its equivalent 10 / 8).

  7. Link layer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Link_layer

    Local area networking standards such as Ethernet and IEEE 802.3 specifications use terminology from the seven-layer OSI model rather than the TCP/IP model. The TCP/IP model, in general, does not consider physical specifications, rather it assumes a working network infrastructure that can deliver media-level frames on the link.

  8. Internet Assigned Numbers Authority - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Assigned_Numbers...

    The RIRs divide their allocated address pools into smaller blocks and delegate them to Internet service providers and other organizations in their operating regions. [9] Since the introduction of the CIDR system, IANA has typically allocated address space in the size of /8 prefix blocks for IPv4 and/23 to/12 prefix blocks from the 2000::/3 IPv6 ...

  9. Carrier-grade NAT - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrier-grade_NAT

    Carrier-grade NAT. Carrier-grade NAT (CGN or CGNAT), also known as large-scale NAT (LSN), is a type of network address translation (NAT) used by ISPs in IPv4 network design. With CGNAT, end sites, in particular residential networks, are configured with private network addresses that are translated to public IPv4 addresses by middlebox network address translator devices embedded in the network ...