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  2. Retraction in academic publishing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retraction_in_academic...

    A system to distinguish papers from "good" and "bad" would be beneficial to researchers. This system may save the reputation of scientists and researchers. Most researchers publish honest work and sometimes simple mistakes happen to be overlooked by the peer review process. Retraction should not be for simple spelling errors, but for inaccurate ...

  3. List of scientific misconduct incidents - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_scientific...

    As of 2024, Dias has had five of his research papers retracted, and five other papers have received an expression of concern. [266] [267] Victor Ninov (US), a nuclear chemist formerly at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, was dismissed from his position after falsifying his work on the discovery of elements 116 and 118. [268] [269]

  4. Sentinel event - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentinel_event

    Sentinel events can be caused by major mistakes and negligence on the part of a healthcare provider, and are closely investigated by healthcare regulatory authorities. Sentinel events are identified under The Joint Commission (TJC) accreditation policies to help aid in root cause analysis and to assist in development of preventive measures. The ...

  5. Erratum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erratum

    Design errors and mistakes in a microprocessor's hardwired logic may also be documented and described as errata. One well-publicized example is Intel's "FDIV" erratum in early Pentium processors, [7] known as the Pentium FDIV bug. This gave incorrect answers to a floating-point division instruction (FDIV) for a small set of numbers, due to an ...

  6. Tragedy (event) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tragedy_(event)

    Traditionally, the event would require "some element of moral failure, some flaw in character, or some extraordinary combination of elements" [1] to be tragic. Not every death is considered a tragedy. Rather, it is a precise set of symptoms surrounding the loss that define it as such. [2] There are a variety of factors that define a death as ...

  7. Role of chance in scientific discoveries - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Role_of_chance_in...

    It is true that my discovery of LSD was a chance discovery, but it was the outcome of planned experiments and these experiments took place in the framework of systematic pharmaceutical, chemical research. It could better be described as serendipity. [13] Dunbar and colleagues cite the discoveries of Hofmann and others as having involved ...

  8. Type III error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_III_error

    In 1970, L. A. Marascuilo and J. R. Levin proposed a "fourth kind of error" – a "type IV error" – which they defined in a Mosteller-like manner as being the mistake of "the incorrect interpretation of a correctly rejected hypothesis"; which, they suggested, was the equivalent of "a physician's correct diagnosis of an ailment followed by the ...

  9. Chain of events (accident analysis) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chain_of_events_(accident...

    In aviation accidents and incidents, these contributing actions typically stem from human factor-related mistakes and pilot error, rather than mechanical failure. [ 1 ] [ 7 ] A study conducted by Boeing found that 55% of airline accidents between 1959 and 2005 were caused by such human related factors, while only 17% of accidents were caused by ...